CINCHONACE^. 



cimens in the collection of Dr. Thomson, and the same number in that 

 of Mr. Lambert. Called Cascarillo negrillo by the Quina gatherers ; ranks 

 next in quality to the bark of C. lanceolata ; and is much better than 

 the Quina naranjada of Santa Fe. Ruiz. In his MSS. the same 

 Botanist adds that although it is of good quality itself it always comes 

 to Spain mixed with inferior sorts. 



Poppig describes this as furnishing the finest bark gathered near 

 Cuchero. He says " The tree inhabits only the higher mountains, 

 and is scarcer than the other species : its trunk 12 to 15 feet, and on 

 the cold summits of the mountains attains only the stature of a bush, 

 when it yields so little bark, that only 5 or 6 pounds on an average 

 can be expected from a single tree. The Peruvians distinguish this 

 bark by its generally blackish upper skin, which is only here and there 

 interrupted by small grey-green spots when in a fresh state. The com- 

 mon people consider these appearances as an integral part of the bark, 

 and look upon it as the more valuable, if beneath the larger spots there 

 appears a black shining velvety substance, dispersed in ovals, of some 

 lines broad (this probably arises from the presence of some species of 

 Byssus). The quality of this bark is also attested, according to the 

 statements of the Cascarilleros, by its exhibiting a glossy, shining, 

 almost rosiny fracture ; its colour withinside should also be that of a 

 ripe orange, with alight transition to a fiery brown. In the month of 

 February the forests are perfumed with the strong scent of its blos- 

 soms." The same excellent observer says that the Case, provinciana 

 negrilla, is obtained from the same tree growing in the warmer valleys ; 

 its samples are coarser, but the difference is of no medicinal importance. 

 M. Reichel examined Poppig's specimens of the bark, but was not able 

 to identify them with any particular sort known in trade. He states 

 that their " appearance, as well as other characters, and particularly a 

 comparison with the original specimens of M. Bergen, leave no doubt 

 that this bark is equal to the finest sort from Loxa. It formerly came, 

 though rarely, and in small pieces among the Lima barks. The decoc- 

 tion is of a peculiarly beautiful reddish yellow; and when tried with the 

 tests of oxyde of iron, oxalic and emetic tartar, proves its quality to 

 be the very best." 



842. C. villosa Pavon MSS. C. Humboldtiana Lamb. Him- 

 tration 7. St. Jaen de Loxa. Pavon. 



Young branches somewhat quadrangular, villous with long, loose 

 hairs. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, rather thin, acu- 

 minate but hardly acute, pointed at the base, not shining, the upper 

 ones among the flowers ovate ; nearly free from hairs on the upper 

 side except the midrib j covered with scattered, numerous shaggy hairs 

 on the under side, especially the veins, and upon the petioles. Panicle 

 terminal, rather long, leafy towards the base, with very villous pedicels. 

 Calyx tomentose all over ; with a short, half 5-cleft limb. Corolla .... 

 Fruit about A an inch long, oval, rather strongly ribbed, tomentose. 

 Four specimens in Dr. Thomson's herbarium, five in Mr. Lambert's. 

 Nothing is known of its bark. Why Pavon's expressive name of 

 C. villosa should have been altered in Mr. Lambert's " illustration" to 

 C. Humboldtiana, I am at a loss to discover. 



843. C. oblongifolia Lambert illustr. p. 12. ; not of Mutis. 

 Jaen de Loxa. Pavon. 



Young shoots quadrangular, densely tomentose. Leaves 8-9 inches 

 long, ovate oblong or rather cordate, obtuse, scabrous with down on 



422 



