GENTIANACE^E. 



its 5 purplish, lanceolate, acute, erect, smooth-edged segments, which 

 though uniform, are often a little unequal in size, and reach somewhat 

 beyond the middle of the tube of the corolla. The limb of the latter 

 has occasionally but 4, or even 3, segments, and is never fully expanded 

 but in bright sunshine. The stamens answer in number to the divi- 

 sions of the calyx and corolla, being almost always 5, awl-shaped, with 

 roundish separate anthers. Styles very short. Stigmas ovate. Smith. 



One of the British substitutes for the Gentian of the shops. 



1090. G. campestris Linn. sp. pi. 334-. Eng. Pot. t. 237. 

 Smith Eng. Fl. ii. 31. Elevated pastures in many parts of 

 Europe. 



Herb rather paler than the last, and of more humble growth, varying 

 greatly in luxuriance. Stem somewhat corymbose, with simple flower- 

 stalks of various lengths. Leaves ovate, acute, 3-ribbed. Flowers 

 somewhat larger and paler than in G. Amarella, 4-cleft, essentially dis- 

 tinguished by having the two outer and opposite segments of the calyx 

 ovate and very broad, covering the two inner, which are narrow and 

 lanceolate, or even awl-shaped; all deeply separated, and minutely 

 fringed. Smith. A substitute for the officinal Gentian. 



1091. G. purpurea Linn. sp. pi. 329. Frolich gent. No. 2. 

 Sot. Rep. t. 117. R. and S. vi. 136. N. and E.pl med. t. 202. 



Alps of Norway, Switzerland and Savoy, and the Pyrenees. 

 Root simple and subdivided, many-crowned, taper, thickish, long, 



yellow outside, white inside, intensely bitter. Stem obscurely 4-cor- 

 nered, green or greenish-purple, 1-2 feet high. Radical leaves ovate, 

 or ovate-lanceolate, apiculate ; those in the middle of the stem ovate- 

 lanceolate, scarcely acuminate ; the uppermost sessile, broad-lanceolate, 

 united and sheathing at the base; all 5-nerved, flexible and bright 

 shining green. Flowers terminal and axillary, on short stalks. Calyx 

 oblong, scarious, semitransparent, slit longitudinally on the inner side. 

 Corolla large, rather coriaceous, with a few scattered dots, arranged in 

 rows, in the inside; the tube yellow and striated; the limb 6-cleft, 

 with broad obtuse segments distant at the base. Seeds brown, orbicular, 

 winged. Employed with the next in continental practice. 



1092. G. pannonica Murr. syst. 267. Jacq. austr. ii. t. 136. 

 N. and E. pi. med. t. 200. Frolich. gent. p. 21. R. and S. 

 vi. 137. G. punctata Jacq. obs. ii. p. 17. t. 89. Alps of the 

 Tyrol, Bavaria, Carinthia, Styria and Austria. 



Root tapering, little branched, many-crowned, rugose, as much as 

 2 feet long, thick, yellowish brown outside, whitish inside. Stem 

 round, green or purplish, 1-2 feet high. Leaves ovate, somewhat 

 apiculate, 5-nerved, the petioles running down into a sheath ; those on 

 the middle of the stem ovate-lanceolate, long ; those at the top acumi- 

 nate, about 3-nerved ; all somewhat coriaceous and bright green. 

 Flowers sessile, or on very short stalks (the upper whorl many-flower- 

 ed), large, 1 inch long. Calyx campanulate, obsoletely 5-cornered, 

 about 6-cleft, varied with red and green ; the segments almost leafy 

 and unequal, divided by a wide sinus, sometimes serrulated, shorter 

 than the tube. Corolla coriaceous, membranous, purple, with a yel- 

 lowish tube, marked all over into rows of deeper spots; the segments 

 ovate, rather blunt, thrice as short as the tube. Seeds brown, winged, 



518 



