No. 4.] THE HORSE FOR NEW ENGLAND. 115 



wanted means of carrying more than one or two in a carriage, 

 and this necessitated a more substantial equipage, together 

 with stronger liarness, stouter horses, etc. This is what our 

 English brothers had been working on for years, and when 

 in search of heavy carriages, we naturally turned to their 

 Brougham, Victoria, Tandem cart, Stanhope gig, and Coach 

 and Brake. 



The English coaches of to-day are principally manufac- 

 tured by Holland & Holland, and are onh' ecpialled by the 

 American coaches manufactured by Brewster. They have 

 a weight of some 2,500 pounds, and sell for about a dollar 

 a pound on either side of the Atlantic. 



With the heavy carriage came the heavy harness, broad 

 leathered straps, curb bits, heavy collars, etc. ; and how 

 absolutely incongruous our rangy, leggy, light-boned, light- 

 bodied trotter looked in such a harness. He was out of 

 place, and his most enthusiastic admirers must concede 

 ungrudgingly that the hackneys, as a class, far excelled him 

 in compact form, roundly turned quarters and well-set-on 

 tail. 



Before 1902 the majority of the heavy harness class in 

 New York were won by imported hackneys, the property of 

 W. Seward Webb, Twombly, A. J. Cassatt, Joseph E. 

 Widener and others. I can remember distinctly when 

 Widener carried olf the four-in-hand prize with his team of 

 imported chestnut hackneys that were worth a trip to New 

 York to see. 



The American horse dealers in New York at once saw 

 what was wanted, and C. F. Bates, who later developed into 

 one of our largest winners of blue ribbons throughout the 

 horse show circuit, at once took the initiative. He estab- 

 lished a farm in Ohio, sending out representatives all 

 through the east and west, purchasing trotting stallions of 

 good conformation, size and action, and sent them to the 

 stock farm, where they were gelded, their tails docked, and 

 taught to drive single, double, four and tandem, and to 

 carry themselves in a proper manner, dropping their chins 

 to the curb, etc. 



This at once opened up the field for trotting-bred, heavy 



