No. 4.] RKPOKT OF CATTLE BUREAU. 327 



more widesproad than the one recently .stamped out, being 

 first imported into Canada, whence it was carried to the stock 

 yards at Albany, N. V., and spread from there to various 

 points in New York State and western Connecticut, and was 

 also more widely disseminated over Massachusetts than it 

 was during the later outbreak. The Massachusetts Cattle 

 Commissioners at that time closed the Brighton market to 

 all cattle except those for immediate slaughter, and also pro- 

 hibited moving cattle on the highways in certain towns. 

 The Brighton yards were disinfected with carbolic acid and 

 chloride of lime, and not reopened until April, three months 

 earlier than in the recent outbreak, but beyond this no other 

 measures were taken ; yet the disease disappeared in the 

 spring of 1871, and did not manifest itself again here for 

 thirty-one 3^ears. It seems to be an exotic in this climate, 

 and appears to have a tendency to disappear. On the other 

 hand, we know it to have been imported into Great Britain 

 in 183'J, and it was not until 1894 that it Avas finally eradi- 

 cated by means of quarantine measures alone. Since 1894 

 it has reappeared in England in 1900 and 1901, being reim- 

 ported in some way from the continent ; and in these later 

 outbreaks the stamping-out process has been resorted to, 

 with marked success. 



It is said that of late years there has been a tendency for 

 foot and mouth disease in Europe to assume a much more 

 virulent type than formerly, and from all accounts it seems 

 to have been much more severe during the recent outbreak 

 than in the earlier one. This would make the disease more 

 difficult to eradicate than when it ai)peared in a mild form. 



At the time of the outbreak in 1870 and 1871, the OTcat 

 export business in live animals and the enormous cattle 

 industry of the west were in an undeveloped state ; and this 

 renders the matter one of much greater im})ortance and seri- 

 ousness at the present time than it did thirty years ago. 

 There are probabl}^ sections of the United States where this 

 disease would not prove a tender exotic, because of difierent 

 climatic conditions ; and if it once obtained a foothold in 

 these localities, it might prove to be much more difficult of 

 eradication. 



