No. 4.] DAIRYING. 121 



the channel of the teat from without, and find therein ideal 

 conditions for rapid multiplication. If these are milked 

 onto the floor the gross yield will be slightly lessened, but 

 the purity of the milk, so far as germ life is concerned, is 

 vastly enhanced. 



12. The desirability of this proposition is so well under- 

 stood that no words need be wasted thereon. 



Granting, for the while, that these procedures are eff'ect- 

 ive, one may justly ask three questions : — 



1. Are they not singly or collectively costly in money and 

 labor ? 



2. What return may be expected for the outlay involved 

 in their adoption ? 



3. Are they worth while? 



1. Whitewash, window glass, straw or other bedding ma- 

 terial and land plaster cost money ; the frequent removal of 

 manure, the installation of a system of ventilation and the 

 changing of the tie-ups mean labor and expense ; the use of 

 sanitary pails and clean clothes will cost something ; the 

 brushing oft* of the cows, the rejection of the fore milk and 

 prompt removal of the milk, however, cost but little. It is 

 obviously impossible to say how much these will cost, but 

 their total will amount to a considerable sum. 



2. Under present conditions and in most cases the money 

 returns are not likelj^ to be commensurate with the outlay 

 of thought, efi'ort and cash, if all of these procedures are put 

 into practice. That this is so is greatly to be regretted. 

 Boston contractors and creamery managements do not as yet 

 grade milk as to its bacterial content. Dirty milk, if not 

 too dirty, sells for as much as does clean milk. It is only 

 when one has or can gain access to a special market, or 

 when one is selling his own products on their own merits to 

 discriminating consumers, that it pays in cash to exert much 

 special eftbrt to make an extra clean milk. 



3. Is it w^orth while to follow precept in this respect? I 

 believe it is. The words " worth while " are not synony- 

 mous with the word "dollar." The adoption of some of 

 these dozen rules will do so much o:ood at not too large out- 

 lay that it is worth while from the standpoint of self-satis- 



