26 



that it is able to live and destroy fruit trees in some, if not in all, 

 parts of the State seems evident from this history, which is given 

 here quite at length because of the expressed opinion of Messrs* 

 Howard and Smith that it would not survive in New England. 



V 



Description of the Scale and Insect.* 



The female scale is shown in Fig. 1, a, of the natural size, 

 on a moderately infested pear, and at b, greatly enlarged. It is 



quite flat, nearly circu- 

 lar in outline, about one- 

 sixteenth of an inch in 

 diameter, and dark mot- 

 tled with gray in color, 

 with a small elevated 

 spot at or near the cen- 

 tre, which is black or 

 yellowish. 



The male scale is 

 " black, somewhat 

 elongated when fully 

 formed. The larval skin 

 is covered with secre- 

 tions ; its position is 

 marked by a single nip- 

 p 1 e - 1 i k e prominence, 

 which is between the 

 ^ centre and the anterior 

 iif margin of the scale. The 

 scale of the male is more 

 abundant than that of 

 the female. It is often 

 oval in shape and smaller 

 in size than the female." 

 When these scales occur in large numbers on the twigs (Fig. 2) 

 or leaves they^frequently overlap, and are not easily distinguished 

 without a magnifying glass. The general appearance which they 

 give is of a greenish, very slightly roughened scurvy deposit. The 

 natural color of the limbs of the peach and apple is quite obscured 

 when these trees are thickly infested, and they then have the ap- 

 pearance of being coated with lime or ashes. When the scales are 

 crushed a yellowish liquid appears, resulting from the crushing of 



Fig. 1. — rt. San Jose scales on a jjear. 

 scale enlarged. 



b. A female 



* The cuts used to illustrate this paper are from the United States Department 

 of Agriculture, through the kindness of Prof. L. O. Howard. 



