33 



often arises as to whether science can detect the watering of rich 

 milk down so that it will contain an average amount of fat. In 

 other words, can milk having 5 per cent of fat be watered so that 

 it will have 3.70 per cent, the legal amount, without violating any 

 law or without danger of detection ? No. The statute prohibits all 

 adulterations, and this form of adulteration can be detected. 



A milk of rich quality would have, in 100 pounds, fat, 5 pounds, 

 solids not fat, 9.6 pounds, total, 14.6 pounds. Now suppose we 

 add to that one-fourth in water, or 25 pounds. We then have a 

 mixture of 125 pounds containing the same total solids as the 100 

 pounds of milk, — 5 pounds of fat, 9.6 pounds of solids not fat, 

 total, 14.60. This being the weight of the solids in 125 pounds, we 

 find that 100 pounds of this watered mixture would have fat, 4 

 pounds, solids not fat, 7.68 pounds, total, 11.68 pounds. The 

 solids not fat have been diluted in the same proportion as the fat. 



The following shows in convenient form for comparison the three 

 conditions in this case : — 



It will be noticed that while in watering this milk the fat is re- 

 duced one-fifth, the solids not fat are reduced in the same propor- 

 tion, down to 7.68. Ordinary milk with 4 per cent of fat should 

 have over 9 per cent of solids not fat, and the discrepancy between 

 9.40 and 7.68 tells the watery story. 



The chemist whose analysis reached such results as fat, 4, solids 

 not fat, 7.68, total, 11.68, would have no hesitation in making 

 oath that the milk was absolutely watered. 



The Dairy Bureau recently secured the conviction of a person 

 for selling two samples of milk which tested as follows : — 



