No. 4.] FARM WATER SUPPLIES. .173 



their importance and popularity, the list of pumps is as follows : the 

 electric pump; the gasolene engine driven pump; the steam driven 

 pump; the hot air engine driven pump; and the windmill. For 

 storing and distributing, the pressure tank, the gravity reservoir 

 of concrete, and the gravity tank of wood or steel, on a skeleton 

 tower of wood or steel, about cover the field. 



Where electricity is available, the electric pump is probably the 

 best solution of the pumping problem, as with this power the eon- 

 trolling switch may be located in the house or barn, where it will be 

 accessible at all times, irrespective of the location of the pump. 

 This is of considerable importance during the inclement weather of 

 the winter season, and, coupled with the simplicity and safety of 

 operation, which is such that a child or woman properly instructed 

 may with impunity be appointed engineer, makes the electric pump 

 the most desirable. Another feature which recommends the electric 

 pump is the automatic control to which it readUy lends itself, the 

 pump automatically, and without ma«ual assistance, starting and 

 stopping as a high and low water level or a high and low pressure 

 is obtained in the storage tank. 



The advent of the automobile and the motor boat has gone far 

 to popularize the gasolene engine as a motive power to drive the 

 farm pump, having overcome the fear which many farmers had for 

 gasolene, as well as creating, practically overnight, an abundant 

 crop of gasolene engine repair shops, no town now being too small 

 or isolated to support at least one dealer or mechanic capable of 

 repairing any of the current makes of gasolene engines. The gaso- 

 lene engine driven pump is compact and self-contained, and may 

 be quickly started by a competent operator. It is highly efficient, 

 and in general gives good satisfaction, being less desirable than the 

 electric pump only in the fact that it requires considerable physical 

 strength on the part of the operator, and cannot readily be auto- 

 matically controlled. This is at times a hardship, especially during 

 the winter season, if the location of the engine is at a considerable 

 distance from the dwelling house. 



The steam driven pump is too well known to require discussion, 

 but is rapidly losing caste as a farm pump, owing to the cost of 

 coal and of its transportation, or the necessity of constantly re- 

 plenishing the fire, if wood is used as fuel. The amount of time 

 required on the part of the operator tends to further discourage the 

 present-day farmer in the use of this type of power. Also, in many 

 cases, the electric or gasolene engine driven pump may be installed 

 in a building already erected on the farm, whereas the use of the 

 steam pump usually means the construction of an entirely new 

 building. 



The hot air engine driven pump is probably the simplest and 

 safest engine driven pump on the market at the present day, but 



