No. 4.] REPORT OF STATE FORESTER. 337 



all white oaks if possible, and to follow this with uiiderplanting 

 of pine. Within ten years or so the rest of the oaks can be 

 removed and a pine stand will result. This is not practicable, 

 however, unless the area can be sprayed if necessary in the 

 meantime. -In many places examined there was considerable 

 natural pine reproduction, and a thinning would aid very much 

 in bringing it along. In other places, where the woodland is 

 desired for landscape effect, as along roads or bordering fields, 

 and where the growth is largely non-resistant, and spraying 

 impractical over the whole area, then a strip can be left along 

 the edge, but a clean cutting made in the interior followed by 

 natural resistant reproduction, if possible, or planting. The 

 outside strip can be cared for, and the interior will eventually 

 sustain a moth-resistant growth, while the effect will not be 

 injured. 



Although we have not had sufficient experience as yet in this 

 thinning work to show many results or make absolute conclu- 

 sions, there are a few opinions which we have arrived at and 

 which may be of interest to owners of infested woodland. They 

 are as follows: — 



1. IMoth thinnings are constructive. The owner who uses 

 direct methods of moth control must expect to keep them up 

 year after year without any sure relief. By growing a resistant 

 forest he is making the moth problem solve itself. 



2. Moth thinnings are advantageous to the owners of park 

 or ornamental woodland or land awaiting development. The 

 main factor in land of this type is that the wooded character of 

 the area be maintained and at the least possible expense. 

 Thinnings will improve the general condition and attractiveness 

 of the area and will make it much easier and cheaper to take 

 care of in the future. 



3. Moth thinnings are advantageous to the owners of wood- 

 land which is chiefly valuable for the wood it produces, pro- 

 vided the growth is of merchantable size. Woodland of this 

 type cannot be annually sprayed because it is not worth it. 

 If the owner leaves it alone, eventually most of the non-resist- 

 ant trees, and many of the resistant species, will be killed and 

 the stand greatly depreciate in value. A thinning of the non- 

 resistant trees in woodland of fair to good quality will pay for 



