56 FOOD FOR THE TROPICS 



sugar is kept in those plaited Palmyra baskets, and is 

 called "jaggery sugar." 



Toddy serves extensively as yeast, and throughout Ceylon 

 no other is employed by the bakers. A large amount of 

 toddy is converted into vinegar and used for pickling 

 gherkins, limes, and the undeveloped leaves of the Coco-nut 

 and Palmyra Palms ; but by far the greatest quantity is 

 boiled down for jaggery (sugar). About one thousand 

 tons are said to be manufactured in Ceylon annually. 



Doctor Brandis states that nearly all the sugar made in 

 Burmah, and a large proportion made in South India and 

 Konkan, is procured from this palm. Sugar-candy, made 

 from it, is imported into Calcutta from Ceylon, Madras, 

 and East Indian Archipelago. Jaggery is also the Burmese 

 name for sugar made from this palm. 



Caps, rain-hats, cups, rice- jugs, plates, water-pails, water- 

 baskets, cooling-baskets, baskets for storing grain, oil-press 

 baskets, clothes-baskets, sieves, mats, leaf punkhas, screens, 

 fences, thatch, etc., are made from different parts of this 

 palm. 



Black Run Palm 



{Borassiis flahelliformis, var. acthiopiciis) 



A native of tropical Africa. It is called Deleb Palm 

 (North tropical Africa) ; Dolape (Arabic) ; Mvumo 

 (Kisuah, East Africa) ; Kawe (Bagirmi, West Africa) ; 

 Uray (Musgu, West Africa) ; Sibbo-Colono (Gambia) ; 

 ]\roumbo (Ugogo, East Africa). 



