738 APPENDIX 



River, which comes from the Endieott mountains near the interna- 

 tional boundary and empties into the Arctic Ocean near Herschel 

 Island. This was carried out successfully, as well as a geological 

 reconnaissance of Herschel Island. 



Kenneth Gordon Chipraan and John Raffles Cox left Collinson Point 

 on March 16 and proceeded to Demarcation Point. The coast line was 

 mapped, tying in Herschel Island with the surveys of the Alaska- 

 Yukon International Boundary Survey of 1912. Cox then joined 

 O'Neill in completing the topographical work on Firth River, and the 

 coast survey by sled to Escape Reef at the western edge of the Macken- 

 zie delta, where a gasoline launch was in readiness to work in the delta 

 as soon as the river broke out. 



Chipman and O'Neill later in the spring did some geological work 

 in the Black Mountain district west of the Mackenzie until the river 

 broke out about June 1. They then proceeded by whale boat through 

 the east branch of the Mackenzie, charting it as far as the south end 

 of Richard Island. A launch which had been purchased for Chipman's 

 survey could not be made to run, and not as much territory was cov- 

 ered as expected, but with an expert sailor of the delta as guide, the 

 utmost advantage was got from the whale boat, and large portions of 

 the middle and east branches were mapped, with a number of cut-off 

 channels and smaller channels used in winter sled or summer whale- 

 boat travel. At the same time Cox, with a launch that did work well 

 and with competent Eskimo guides, surveyed the west or Aklavik 

 branch of the delta from Akpaviatsiak or Escape Reef up to the mouth 

 of Peel River. 



There is a good 6-foot channel over the shoals around Tent Island, 

 near the mouth of the west branch of the Mackenzie delta, and passing 

 these there is a deeper channel as far south as the foot of the Grand 

 Rapids of the Slave River. 60° North latitude, near the northern boun- 

 dary of Alberta. The channel into the east branch of the Mackenzie 

 delta is also deep enough for fair-sized schooners, and the new Hudson's 

 Bay Company's post at Kittigaruit on the east side of the delta 

 is supplied from Herschel Island by this route. The middle channel 

 of the delta was not completely surveyed for lack of time. 



Diamond Jenness, after coming ashore with Stefansson from the 

 Karluk in September, 1913, had spent most of the winter in doing 

 linguistic work among the Eskimos in the Point Barrow region. To- 

 wards spring he came east to Collinson Point and did ethnological and 

 archaeological work from Collinson Point to Demarcation Point in the 

 spring, later in the summer carrying on some extensive archseological 

 excavations at Barter Island, the ancient trading rendezvous between 

 the Mackenzie Eskimos and the western Alaskan Eskimos. Frits 

 Johansen made extensive collections of plants and insects, rearing many 

 species of insects to study their life-histories and development. Some 

 marine dredging was also done. During the fall and winter Chipman 



