APPENDIX 749 



are also some smaller stone deposits on the Utkusikaluk, flowing into 

 Gray Bay, and somewhere around Cape Barrow. 



Cape Barrow, or Haninek, as it is called by the Eskimos, is a moun- 

 tainous g-ranitic region, but is not nearly so high as .stated by Frank- 

 lin.* He says: "The higher parts attain an elevation of 1,400 and 

 1,500 feet and the whole is entirely destitute of vegetation." In 1915 

 we found the height of the highest of the granite ridges to be 340 

 feet above sea-level. Although the hills have a barren appearance, 

 careful inspection shows many bright green patches in little valleys 

 and gullies where soil has collected, as well as in basins in the rocks, 

 around the little lakes — green grass, low dwarf willow, deep tundra 

 moss, cotton-grass or "nigger-head" tussocks and heather growing lux- 

 uriantly in many shelving rocks. There were about ten species of 

 flowering plants in bloom close to our camp August 13. The summits 

 of the granite ridges were usually covered with gray lichens. In this 

 region we were often deceived by great reddish areas on cliffs, giving the 

 appearance of a ferruginous rock, but upon closer examination prov- 

 ing to be only a dense coat of red lichens. 



After the return of the Star to the westward, Chipman, Cox, O'Neill 

 and myself continued the survey east from Cape Barrow. We were 

 prevented from getting back to the station before the freeze-up, as the 

 almost continuous heavy weather late in the autumn prevented us from 

 traveling a large part of the time with our small boats. 



We found( our first native copper in situ in cracks in the diabase 

 on an island in Moore Bay. Small veins of galena (lead sulphide) were 

 observed in cracks in the granite at Galena Point, just east of Deten- 

 tion Harbor. 



From Kater Point, O'Neill, Cox and I continued to carry on the 

 suii'ey with the launch down the west side of Arctic Sound. Some 

 difficulty was experienced in finding a channel into the mouth of Hood 

 River through a number of low sandy islands at the mouth, on account 

 of a heavy sea running at the time. After entering the river we found 

 a channel 9 or 10 feet deep. Willows on the bank here were 5 or 6 

 feet high, one inch or more in diameter, affording more fuel than was 

 usual in this region. We could take the launch up only to the first 

 cascade of the Hood River, and camped there on August 27, making an 

 inland reconnaissance in the direction of the James River. The steep 

 clay banks of the river are about 100 feet high at the first cascade, 

 with a level grassy bench extending back about half a mile to a ridge 

 of fine, red sandstone with a broad grassy valley beyond. The next ridge 

 was quartzite, succeeded by another grassy valley. A herd of thirty-four 

 caribou was found here, and one fat young bull killed to replenish our 

 meat supply. A lone bull had been seen and killed at Kater Point 



* "Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea, in the years 1819, 

 20, 21, and 22." By John Franklin, Captain R. N., F. R. S., and Commander of 

 the Expedition. London, John Murray, Albemarle Street. MDCCCXXIII. 



