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than dry ones. This is easily explained; the reason being that 

 earthworms are more plenty on the surface of the ground, where 

 they are easily picked up by chicks. It is also well known that 

 when chicks are let out in the early morning, they are more apt 

 to have the gapes. This was thought by many to result from their 

 getting wet and cold, but it is easily explained by their finding the 

 earthworms out at that time, when if they were not let out until 

 the moisture was dried off the ground, the earthworms could not 

 be found, they had retired into their burrows. The old adage, 

 "The early bird catches the worm," well illustrates this point. It 

 is also a well-known fact that chicks kept near a chip yard, were 

 apt to have the gapes. This is readily explained by reason of 

 their easily getting earthworms by scratching the chips from the 

 surface of the ground, earthworms being found plenty in such 

 places. 



FINALLY, THERE IS NOTHING CONNECTED WITH 

 THE GAPES WHICH CANNOT BE FULLY, AND CLEAR- 

 LY EXPLAINED THROUGH THE AGENCY OF EARTH- 

 WORMS. 



We will recapitulate the several points we consider established 

 by this investigation. First, that the earthworm is the inter- 

 mediate host of Syngamus trachcalis, is proved by many successful 

 experiments in feeding them to chicks. None of the chicks fed 

 earthworms from an infected spot, failed to have the gapes in 

 seven days. On microscopic examination, the embryos of 

 Syngamus were found in these earthworms. That no other forms 

 of animal life about the coops act as a host for Syngamus, proved 

 by feeding all those found to chicks and they failed to produce 

 the gapes; also, none of the embryos were found in them on ex- 

 amination with the microscope. That all earthworms do not con- 

 tain the embryos of Syngamus, proved by feeding three chicks 

 earthworms from a place where no gapes existed. They failed to 

 have the gapes, rind no embryos of Syngamus could be found in 

 the earthworms with the microscope. That the earthworm is 

 only a bearer, or means of conveying the embryo to the fowl, is 

 proved by feeding" the embryos hatched from the eggs to a chick, 

 and thus producing the gapes. Also, the fact that the embryos 

 in the earthworm do not develop, either in growth or structure, 

 more than when they emerged from the tgg. That the embryo 

 of Syngamus is not an accidental host of the earthworm, proved 

 by finding them in considerable numbers, in main earthworms, 



