MAMMALS OF PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW JERSEY. 5! 



in Brother's Valley Twp. B. Creek is a tributary of Castleman's River near 

 where it reaches the great divide of the Allegheny Mts. opposite the sources 

 of the Juniata. There is a noted Elk Lick here near the Maryland boundary 

 to which the buffaloes undoubtedly resorted, passing thence over the divide 

 eastward toward Buffalo Mountain in Bedford Co. They may have also used 

 the more northerly pass by which the B. & O. railroad reaches Castleman's 

 River, going west. Rhoads. " I am sure of one thing, the buffalo disap- 

 peared from the Co. before the Indian was driven westward. I suppose it is 

 approximately true that the buffalo must have left the Co. some time preced- 

 ing Braddock's defeat in 1755." R. Smith in a letter to Dr. H. D. Moore. 



Union Co. " Dr. J. A. Allen, whose excellent Memoir on the American 

 Bisons,* furnishes the best data on this subject, has conclusively proved its 

 existence up to the beginning of the igth Century, as far east as Buffalo Val- 

 ley, near Lewisburg, in Union Co. The last buffalo killed in that region was 

 shot by Col. John Kelly, 'about 1790 or 1800,' on the McClister farm ad- 

 joining his own, and situate in Kelly Twp., about 5 miles from Lewisburg. 

 Col. Kelly stated that an old Indian named Logan informed him of the for- 

 mer abundance of buffaloes in this valley." See Rhoads, Proc. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci., Phila., 1895, p. 244. Buffalo Valley occupies an extensive area of east 

 central Union Co., surrounding Lewisburg and fronting on the Susquehanna 

 for many miles, reaching back to B. Mountain by way of B. Creek and Little 



B. Creek, through three townships, East B., West B., and Buffalo. A place 

 named B. Cross-roads is located in the same region. In Scull's noted map 

 of Pa. published in 1750, a " Buffalow Creek " is practically the only geog- 

 raphical name given in what is now Union Co. This is significant as show- 

 ing the ancient origin of the present name, indicating it as the principal 

 route by which the buffaloes crossed from the three main branches of the 

 Susquehanna valley to and from the mountain wilderness of Union and Centre 

 Cos. Rhoads. 



Venango Co. See antea, under Erie Co. 



Washington Co. In the west-central part of this Co. is a B. township, in 

 which lies the source of a B. Creek flowing into the Ohio River. Rhoads. 



Records in N. J. Bergen and Hudson Cos. In Vanderdonck's " New 

 Netherlands," both the buffalo and elk are stated to have been inhabitants of 

 the parts of New Jersey opposite New York when Hudson discovered that 

 region. Rhoads. 



Mercer Co. A scapula and pelvis of recent bison (so identified by Prcf. 

 E. D. Cope) were discovered in Indian refuse heaps near Trenton by Dr. C. 



C. Abbott. They are now in the Peabody Archeological Museum, Cam- 

 bridge, Mass. Abbott, 1900. 



* Mem. Mus. Compar. Zool., Cambridge, Mass., 1876. 



