198 MAMMALS OF PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW JERSEY. 



examples were. Dr. Merriam merely says they were larger than Raleigh 

 specimens. The dental characters assigned to floridana and berlandieri are 

 not sufficient for specific recognition. As above given, I prefer to recog- 

 nize these merely as two races oiparva. 



Family TALPIDJE, Moles. 



Genus Scalops Illiger, Prodromus Systema Mammalium et Avium, 1811, 



p. 126. 



Eastern Naked-tail Mole ; Common Mole. Scalops aquaticus (Lin- 

 uaeus). 



1758. [Sorex] aquaticus Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, vol. i, p. 53. 



1825. Scalops aquaticus F. Cuvier, Dents des Mammiferes, p. 251. 



Type locality. Eastern United States. 



Faunal distribution. Transition and austral zones, Massachusetts to 

 Georgia, west to the foothills of the main ridge of the Allegheny and Blue 

 Ridge mountains. 



Distribution in Pa. and N. J. So far as known to me this mole is found 

 in every county in N. J. In Pa., east of the Allegheny mountains, it is gen- 

 erally and abundantly present in all lowlands and in river bottoms among the 

 mountains, but as the mountains are ascended they disappear, being replaced 

 by the Brewer's or hairy- tailed mole in the upper transition and Canadian 

 zones. In Pa., west of the Alleghenies, all the evidence secured by the field 

 work of Mr. W. E. C. Todd and myself, as well as the testimony of other ob- 

 servers, is against the existence of S. aquaticus in that region, all the speci- 

 mens examined from the region proving to be either Parascalops or Condylura. 



Regarding the distribution of this species, Dr. F. W. True in his mono- 

 graph of the American moles (Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, 1896) endeavors 

 (pp. 8 to 10) to reconcile therewith the schemes of faunal distribution in 

 North America, proposed by Drs. J. A. Allen and C. H. Merriam. He finds 

 difficulty in so doing because Dr. Allen's map provides for an Alleghenian 

 fauna, which almost cuts in half the distribution of Scalops as Dr. True has 

 given it in his map. The real difficulty, however, is caused by Dr. True's 

 lack of data regarding the distribution of Scalops in the Allegheny mountains. 

 He says "it unquestionably occurs in the Alleghany mountains that is, in 

 the southern extension of the cold temperate or boreal area." On looking 

 over his list of specimens examined, however, as well as his authenticated 

 records from literature, I find none which prove it an inhabitant of this 

 "boreal area," except the specimen from Roan Mountains (No. 54748 Dep. 

 Agric. Coll.) mentioned on p. 451. This may have come from the side of 



