BACTERIA IN PNEUMONIA 



235 



in staining depends, in part at least, on the amount of decolorisa- 

 tion to which the prepara- 

 tion has been subjected. 

 The capsule is rather 

 broader than the body of 

 the coccus, and has a 

 sharply defined external 

 margin. The organism 

 takes up the basic aniline 

 stains with great readi- 

 ness, and also retains the 

 stain in Gram's method. 

 It is the organism of by 

 far the most frequent 

 occurrence in true croup- 

 ous pneumonia, and in 

 fact may be said to be 

 rarely absent. 



(2) Friedlander's Pneu- 

 mobacillus. As seen in 

 the sputum and tissues, 

 this organism, both in its 

 appearance and arrangement, 



' J! 



^f 



^ J" 



FIG, 62. Film preparations of pneumonic 

 sputum, showing numerous pneumococci 

 (Fraenkel's) with unstained capsules ; some 

 are arranged in short chains. See also 

 Plate I., Fig. 2. 

 Stained with carbol-fuchsin. x 1000. 



presence of a 

 somewhat re- 



FIG. 63. Friedlander's pneumobacillus, show- 



ng the variations in length, also capsules, 



tion fr 

 pneumonia. xlOOO. 



also*;in the 

 capsule, 



sembles Fraenkel's pneu- 

 mococcus, and it was 

 at first described as the 

 " pneumococcus." The 

 form, however, is more 

 of a short rod-shape, 

 and it has blunt rounded 

 ends; it is also rather 

 broader than Fraenkel's 

 pneumococcus. It is 

 now classed amongst 

 the bacilli, especially in 

 view of the fact that 

 elongated rod forms may 

 occur (Fig. 63). The 

 capsule has the same 



mg _ mmsmw 



Film preparation from exudate in a case of , > ? 



general 



characters as 

 Fraenkel's or- 

 ganism. Friedlander's 

 pneumobacillus stains readily with the basic aniline stains, but 



