44 



THE HAMPSHIRE ANTIQUARY &> NATURALIST. 



Apart from the general interest which attaches to 

 the life of Dr. Arnold, it should specially appeal to 

 Hampshire readers from the fact that he was, both by 

 birth and education, a Hampshire man. It was at 

 West Cowes, \vhere his family had been settled for 

 two generations, that he first saw the light in 1795. 

 After some time at Warminster school, he entered 

 Winchester as a commoner in 1807, and, becoming a 

 scholar ot the college, remained there till 1811. 

 Throughout the book we have evidences of the 

 influence of his early associations, though as his 

 biographer remarks, "the period both of his home 

 and school education was too short to exercise much 

 influence upon his after life. But he always looked 

 back upon it with a marked tenderness." This makes 

 it regrettable that the index is so incomplete as to 

 give but one reference to the Isle of Wight and two 

 to Winchester. In one of his letters (to J. T. 

 Coleridge, November 4, 1829), Arnold writes : 



Brought up myself in the Isle of Wight, amidst the 

 bustle of soldiers and sailors, and familiar from a child 

 with boats and ships, and the flags of half Europe, which 

 gave me an instinctive acquaintance with geography, I 

 quite marvel to find in what a state of ignorance boys are 

 at seventeen or eighteen, who have lived all their days in 

 inland country parishes, or small country towns. 

 After a visit to the Island in 1836 he wrote to his 

 sister (July 28) : 



I admired the interior of the island, which people affect 

 to smile at, but which I think is very superior to most of 

 the scenery of common countries. As for the Sandrock 

 Hotel, it was most beautiful, and Bonchurch was the most 

 beautiful thing I ever saw on the sea coast on this side of 

 Genoa. Slatwoods was deeply interesting; I thought of 

 what Fox How [his holiday home in the lake country] 

 might be to my children forty years hence, and of the 

 growth of the trees in that interval ; but Fox How cannot 

 be to them what Slatwoods is to me the only home of my 

 childhood. 

 Again, Sept. 21, 1840 : 



If my father's place in the Isle of Wight had never passed 

 out of his executors' hands, I doubt whether I ever could 

 have built Fox How, although in all other respects there 

 is no comparison to my mind between the Isle of Wight 

 and Westmorland. 



Winchester also retained a place in his affections ; 

 he sent his own boys there to be educated (p. 284) ; 

 and was more than once urged to stand for the 

 mastership there (pp. 30, 32, 49). 



He always cherished a strong Wykehamist feeling, and, 

 during his headmastership at Rugby, often recurred to his 

 knowledge, there first acquired, of the peculiar constitu- 

 tion of a public school, and to his recollections of the tact 

 in managing boys shown by Dr. Goddard, and the skill in 

 imparting scholarship which distinguished Dr. Gabell 

 both, during his stay there, successively head masters of 

 Winchester (p. i). 



And whilst he would look to Winchester as a 

 model for guidance in his own school at Rugby 

 (p. 58), the influence of his raising the moral tone at 

 Rugby reacted on Winchester. In a letter to Dean 

 Stanley Dr. Moberly, the head master, wrote : 



I have always felt and acknowledged that I owe more to 

 a few casual remarks of his in respect of the government 



of a public school, than to any advice or example of any 

 other person. If there be improvement in the important 

 points of which I have been speaking at Winchester, (and 

 from the bottom of my heart I testify with great thankful- 

 ness that the improvement is real and great,) I do declare, 

 in justice, that his example encouraged me to hope that it 

 might be effected, and his hints suggested to me the way of 

 effecting it. 



After a visit to Winchester in 1836, Dr. Arnold 

 wrote (July 28) : 



I had also a great interest in going over the College at 

 Winchester, but I certainly did not desire to change houses 

 with Moberly ; no, nor situation, although I envy him the 

 downs and the clear streams, and the southern instead of 

 the midland country, and the associations of Alfred's 

 capital with the tombs of Kings and Prelates, as compared 

 with Rugby, and its thirteen horse and cattle fairs. 



Any who may like to follow up the connections of 

 Winchester with Dr. Arnold we may refer to the 

 following pages : 1-4, 30, 32, 49, 58, 63, 83, 84, 88, 

 104, 136, 214, 234, 282, 284, 303, in place of the two 

 meagre references afforded by the index. The book 

 contains several illustrations, including a portrait ot Dr. 

 Arnold and a view of Winchester College. 



NORMAN ARCHITECTURE IN HAMPSHIRE. 



At a meeting of the Hampshire Literary and 

 Philosophical Society, at the Hartley Institution, 

 Southampton, on Monday, February 3, a paper, 

 entitled " Some remarks on Norman Architecture, 

 especially as seen in Hampshire," was read by 

 Surgeon A. M. Davies (assistant Professor of Hygiene, 

 Army Medical School, Netley). 



The Norman or Anglo-Norman style (the lecturer 

 said) prevailed from the middle of the nth to the end 

 of the i2th century, that is, from the time of Edward 

 the Confessor to the end of Richard I's reign, the 

 Early English style being adopted about the year 1199. 

 The Norman period is sometimes divided into Early 

 Norman (to about 1125), Later or Developed Norman 

 (about 1125 to 1175), and Transition Norman (1175- 

 1199); though such division is necessarily artificial and 

 imperfect. Hampshire is especially favoured in most 

 beautiful and instructive examples : Winchester, 

 Christchurch, St. Cross, and Romsey are indeed a 

 rich possession for any one county ; and as dwellers 

 within its borders, whether born and bred here, or 

 only, as it were, birds of passage, we should try to 

 enter into the spirit and the meaning 

 of those old builders who have be- 

 queathed to us such a precious inheritance. 

 Winchester Cathedral was built of stone brought 

 from Quarr, in the Isle of Wight, which was em- 

 ployed both by Walkelin, in the nth, and William 

 of Wykeham, in the i4th centuries. There is, per- 

 haps, no building in this country more instructive 

 from an architectural, and hardly any more interest- 

 ing from an historical point of view than this Hamp- 



