head to the vent. Thej were removed from the hen a few 

 weeks ago, placed in the position that we see them here and 

 drawn. This plate does not show the relative position of the 

 organs in the body, bnt it does represent their relative size. 

 What is known as the gnllet extends from the mouth to the 

 crop, which is a reservoir for holding the food until it is soft- 

 ened more or less by the secretions of the mouth and of the 

 crop itself. The crop is not the true stomach of the fowl, as 

 many suppose. The true stomach is an enlargement of what 

 might be termed the continuation of the gnillet from the crop 

 to the gizzard. Another term for it is the proventriculus. On 

 ojDening it we find that its walls are quite thick and muscular, 

 and lined with gastric glands similar to those in the lining of 

 the human stomach. The gizzard is an irregularly shaped 

 organ, the largest in the body, and has thick muscular walls of 

 a verv fine grain and of a bluish, dark red color. Partiallv 

 enfolding the gizzard we find the liver, composed of two very 

 large lobes. Attached to it is the gall bladder, where the bile 

 is stored. Near it also is the spleen, an organ whose use we 

 do not thoroughly understand, although some scientists believe 

 it has some relation to digestion, as it is not found in the same 

 condition just before and after meals. 



The pancreas is the long, flat, pinkish organ lying close to 

 the upper end of tJie intestines, or what is termed the duo- 

 dcimiii. This secretes pancreatic juice. The intestines extend 

 from ihc gizzard to the anus, about six or seven inches from 

 which we find two blind sacks, called the ceca. They are some- 

 times spoken of as the " blind guts," and correspond to the 

 appendix in man, but are double in the fowl. In diagiiosing 

 black liead in turkeys, or coccidiosis as it is kno^vn in fowls, 

 wo find the ceca greatly enlarged, and many times their lining- 

 is eaten ofl^, or they may be filled with a hard, cheesy substance. 

 These organs seem to bo the habitat for many intestinal worms, 

 and if one is making a diagnosis for coccidiosis, or worms, he 

 would naturally examine the ceca first. The part of the in- 

 testines extending from the ceca to the anus is called the rec- 

 tum. The enlargement of the intestine just forward of the 

 vent is called the cloaca. It is a reserA^oir where the fa?ces 



