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THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



Aug. 24, 



Michigan Adulteration Law. 



The following is the full text of a 

 bill just passed by the Michigan Leg- 

 islature " to prevent and punish the 

 adulteration of articles of food, drink 

 and medicine, and the sale thereof 

 when adulterated :" 



Section 1. The people of the State of 

 Michigan enact, That no person shall 

 mix, color, stain or powder any arti- 

 cle of food with an ingredient or ma- 

 terial so as to render the article inju- 

 rious to health, with the intent that 

 the same may be sold ; and no person 

 shall sell or offer for sale any such ar- 

 ticle so mixed, colored, stained or 

 powdered. 



Sec. 2. Mo person shall, except for 

 the purpose of compounding in the 

 necessary preparation of medicine, 

 mix, color, stain or powder, or order 

 or permit any other person to mix, 

 color, stain or powder any drug or 

 medicine with any ingredients or ma- 

 terials so as to affect injuriously the 

 quality or potency of such drug or 

 medicine, with intent to sell the same, 

 or shall sell or offer for sale any such 

 drug or medicine so mixed, colored, 

 stained or powdered. 



Sec. 3. No person shall mix, color, 

 stain or powder any article of food, 

 drink or medicine, or any article 

 which enters into the composition of 

 food, drink or medicine, with any 

 other ingredient or material, whether 

 injurious to health or not, for the pur- 

 pose of gain or profit, or sell or offer 

 the same for sale, or order or permit 

 any other person to sell or offer for 

 sale any article so mixed, colored, 

 stained and powdered, unless the same 

 be so manufactured, used or sold, or 

 offered for sale under its true and ap- 

 propriate name, and notice that the 

 same is mixed or impure is marked, 

 printed or stamped upon each pack- 

 age, roll, parcel or vessel containing 

 the same, so as to be and remain at all 

 times readily visible, or unless the 

 person purchasing the same is fully 

 informed by the seller of the true 

 name and ingredients (if other than 

 such as are known by thecommon name 

 thereof) of such article of food, drink 

 or medicine at the time of making 

 sale thereof or offering to sell the same. 

 Sec. 4. No person shall mix any 

 glucose or grape sugar with syrup or 

 sugar intended for human food, or any 

 oleomargarine, suine, beef fat, lard, 

 or any other foreign substance, with 

 any butter or cheese intended for hu- 

 man food, or shall mix or mingle any 

 glucose or grape sugar or oleomar- 

 garine with any article of food, with- 

 out distinctly marking, stamping or 

 labeling the article, or the package 

 containing the same, with the true 

 and appropriate name of such article, 

 and the percentage in which glucose 

 or grape sugar, oleomargarine or su- 

 ine, enter into its composition ; nor 

 shall any person sell or offer for sale, 

 or order, or permit to be sold, or of- 

 fered for sale, any such [article] of 

 food into the composition of which 

 glucose, or grape sugar, or oleomar- 

 garine, or suine has entered, without 

 at the same time informing the buyer 

 of the fact, and the proportions in 

 which such glucose or grape sugar 

 oleomargarine or suine, has entered 

 into its composition. 



Sec. 5. Any person convicted of 

 violating any provision of any of the 

 foregoing sections of this act shall for 

 the first offense be fined not less than 

 ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars. 

 For the second offense they shall be 

 fined not less than twenty-five dollars 

 nor more than one hundred dollars, or 

 confined in the county jail not less 

 than one month nor more than six 

 months, or both, at the discretion of 

 the court ; and for the third and all 

 subsequentoffensestheysha.il be fined 

 not less than two hundred and not 

 more than one thousand dollars, and 

 imprisonment in the State prison not 

 less than one year nor more than five 

 years. 



Sec. 6. No person shall be convicted 

 under any of the foregoing sections of 

 this act if they can show to the satis- 

 faction of the court or jury that he 



did not know that he was violating 

 any of the provisions of this act, and 

 that he could not with reasonable dil- 

 igence have obtained that knowledge. 



Sec. 7. One-half of all tines col- 

 lected under the provisions of this act 

 shall belong and be paid to the person 

 making the complaint, and the re- 

 mainder shall belong and be paid into 

 the school fund of the township, city 

 or village where such conviction is had. 



Sec. 8. The prosecuting attorneys 

 of the counties of this State are 

 charged with the inforcement of this 

 act, and it is hereby made their [duty] 

 to appear for the people and to attend 

 to the prosecution of all complaints 

 under this act in all the courts in their 

 respective counties. 



Sec. 9. All acts and parts of acts 

 inconsistent with the provisions of this 

 act are hereby repealed. 



The National Convention. 



We learn, with pleasure, that Rev. 

 L. L. Langstroth will (his health per- 

 mitting) be in attendance at the Na- 

 tional Convention in Lexington, Oct. 

 5-7, 1881. He will be the guest of Mr. 

 Wm. Williamson and family. The 

 presence of this good man and illustri- 

 ous bee-master, cannot fail to be a very 

 attractive feature in the proceedings 

 of the National organization. The 

 programme, published in our issue of 

 the 17th inst., presents a variety so 

 so extensive and tempting, that press- 

 ing duties at home alone can prevent 

 a large and enthusiastic attendance. 

 Many points of general interest will 

 be discussed, some or all of which 

 will have a bearing on the future of 

 bee-keeping, and no reflecting apiar- 

 ist can for a moment imagine that he 

 is not personally interested in these 

 discussions. All should make a stren- 

 uous effort to be present, and our 

 word for it, no Northern bee-keeper 

 will regret having enjoyed a few very 

 pleasant and profitable holidays with 

 our Southern friends in their " Old 

 Kentucky Home." 



Honey Trowel.— Mr. J. M. Shuck has 

 sent us an implement for inspection 

 and trial, for uncapping honey. We 

 have not had opportunity to test it 

 yet. The following is a copy of his 

 letter accompanying it : 



I send you a honey trowel. I have 

 been enjoying my first experience in 

 extracting honey, and the first thing I 

 did was to quarrel with the uncapping 

 tools, called honey knives. I went to 

 a seed store and purchased, for 30 

 cents, a gardener's trowel, which 1 

 sharpened, and then tried again, and 

 I was pleased. To operate, lay the 

 comb flat down, or set it on edge, as 

 desired ; if the operator is right 

 handed, work from right to left, if 

 left handed, from left to right ; the 

 tool will cut like a razor, and the caps 

 will roll up beautifully. The one I 

 send will hold the caps of one side of 

 a Langstroth frame without empty- 

 ing. If, after trial, you find it of in- 

 terest to bee-keepers, you may notice 

 it as you think it deserves; I have none 

 for sale. 



Des Moines, Iowa, Aug. 3, 1881. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Bee-Keepingin Southern California. 



—The extent to which bee-keeping 

 prevails in the foot-hills of Southern 

 California may be estimated by the 

 following item from an exchange : 



The San Francisco Examiner places 

 the number of hives worked this sea- 

 son in the counties of Los Angeles, 

 San Diego and San Bernardino at 

 nearly 200,000. There are, according 

 to this authority, at least 600 men 

 wholly engaged in the honey business 

 this season, and an average crop is 

 assured. 



fgHT We invite special attention to 

 our Market Reports this week. We 

 give reports from several more of the 

 chief American marts. Selling honey 

 to the best advantage is of considera- 

 ble importance now, and we have, 

 therefore, made arrangements for 

 weekly reports from the cities named, 

 as well as some others not yet indi- 

 cated. This will give producers an 

 opportunity to select the best market, 

 considering price and convenience. 



Wooden Foundation.— The London 



Journal of Horticulture says : 



Everyone who has any thing to do, 

 even the slightest, with scientific bee- 

 keeping must be convinced of the 

 value to bees and bee-masters of comb 

 foundation. Personally I am disposed 

 to endorse Messrs. Abbott's view that 

 now comb foundation is so good, so 

 strong and perfect, and at the same 

 time so moderate in price, it is doubt- 

 ful whether true economy is not best 

 shown by not using combs a second 

 time. There is something about the 

 foundation that the bees appear to like, 

 and they exclaim like the guest at the 

 feast, whose silence obtained for him 

 the character of being exceedingly 

 clever till the apple dumplings were 

 too much for his gravity, and he burst 

 out with, " Them be the jockeys for 

 me !" It appears to me that the bees 

 express similar sentiments. I placed 

 a frame, with some comb in one hive, 

 and in another with an inch of foun- 

 dation in two pieces (part yellow, part 

 white). In 24 hours 1 removed both ; 

 the comb appeared scarcely touched 

 by the bees, but the foundation was 

 built on " all along the line ;" and, 

 what very much surprised me the bees 

 had built up yellow cells on yellow 

 foundation and white on the white ! 

 How could they tell the difference and 

 manage this ? It seems to me that 

 the midrib is the difficult point of 

 manufacture to our industrious little 

 workers, but when this is provided 

 they lay on the cells at an express rate. 



I have seen wooden foundation 

 vaunted as preventing sagging, and 

 being stronger &c. Accordingly I in- 

 vested in some and tried 6 frames. 

 It appeared a first rate article, and 

 when fitted to the frames the lat- 

 ter were certainly as strong as pos- 

 sible. I expected grand success. 

 Great, however, was my dismay on the 

 first time of opening (they were indif- 

 ferent hives) to find the first pair that 

 happened to be next each other glued 

 together, the comb being built irregu- 

 larly ahd attached to both wood foun- 

 dations. The bars could not be re- 

 moved without a rupture and the fall- 

 ing of a large piece of comb. Then I 

 found much uncovered— in fact, if the 

 wax had been at all interfered with, 

 here the bees had left it bare, but then 

 to make amends, and determined, as 

 is their wont, to economize space, .they 

 had built out the next comb to till up 

 the space — a great evil, as the comb be- 

 comes so heavy that in hot weather it 

 breaks off, and sad havoc and loss en- 

 sue. Still more surprising, I found 

 that though the wax was worker cells 

 on the wooden foundation, they disre- 

 garded it and built drone comb over, 

 and on the irregular built cells they set 

 to and built out some pieces of perfect 

 two-sided comb with central portion 

 and cells, both sides sealed completely 

 on one side of the wood ; in fact it 

 seems to me that they were tempted 

 by it to all sorts of vagaries. Of the 

 12 faces on these 6 sheets, I have only 

 seen one at all even and respectable, 

 and this was not built over all the face ; 

 in fact, the bees evidently do not like 

 some portions of it. I cannot recom- 

 mend it, and, with the present beau- 



tiful wax foundation, for several pur- 

 poses it appears unnecessary. Lastly, 

 it seems to me to yield its contents to 

 the extractor with difficulty. 



A large Canadian Apiary.— It will be 

 remembered that Dr. Nugent pur- 

 chased several hundred colonies of 

 bees of Mr. Heddon last season, and 

 many would like to know how he is 

 succeeding with his new apiary in 

 Canada. From the Strathroy Age we 

 copy the following particulars : 



We are pleased to learn that our 

 friend, Dr. Nugent, is reaping the re- 

 ward his energy and enterprise so well 

 entitles him to do. The Dr. invested 

 upwards of a thousand dollars in bees 

 at one purchase last fall, and we doubt 

 not that his investment will prove a 

 profitable one. We know him to be 

 an enthusiasticand intelligent apiarist, 

 and we expect soon to see his apiary 

 take its place among the largest and 

 best managed establishments of this 

 kind in this continent. 



Some days ago we greatly enjoyed a 

 visit to "Linden Apiary," where we 

 found the proprietor, Dr. Nugent, ac- 

 tively engaged gathering in the honey 

 harvest. The Dr. and his manager, 

 Mr. Conklin, showed us over the en- 

 tire grounds, and demonstrated some 

 of the minutiae of bee-keeping. There 

 are near 400 colonies now in the apiary, 

 most of them are Cyprian, Italian and 

 Holy Land bees, some few German or 

 common black ones, which are rapidly 

 being replaced by the three first. 

 This is done by destroying all the 

 queens belonging to such stocks and 

 giving them the desired pure ones, 

 thus in a few weeks rendering the en- 

 tire colonies so acted upon pure. 

 Some few blacks will still be kept, 

 such as have proved themselves ex- 

 traordinary good workers. 



We have had a sample of the section 

 honey sent to our office, and for virgin 

 whiteness, as well as for neatness of 

 style and flavor, it cannot be surpassed, 

 if even equalled. 



The total yield this year is about 15, 

 000 lbs., though it is expected when 

 setting up the bees for winter 1,000 or 

 2,000 pounds more will be received. 



The doctor intends establishing an- 

 other yard next spring within a short 

 distance of the town, and at present 

 thinks of locating it above the town 

 on the banks of the Sydenham. 



Honey Dew.— An exchange contains 

 the following story concerning the ap- 

 pearance of honey dew in Georgia : 



My daughter was engaged early 

 Sunday morning in sweeping off the 

 front porch, when her attention was 

 attracted by the plaintive cries of 

 young chickens and the distressed 

 clucking of a hen. The sound came 

 from a pile of leaves under some pop- 

 lar trees in the yard, and hurrying to 

 the spot she found the little chicks all 

 stuck up with leaves, rolling about 

 struggling to free themselves, and two 

 of the little sufferers were stuck to- 

 gether. She picked these two up, and 

 coining to the house called me. On 

 examination we found them covered 

 with a sticky substance, which seemed 

 to have come off the leaves. I went 

 into the yard, and found it on all the 

 leaves, and, tasting, was surprised to 

 find it honey. Looking around I could 

 see it glistening in the sunshine like 

 diamonds on every leaflet, and on the 

 porch for 2 or 3 feet were splotches of 

 it. Several neighbors dropped in dur- 

 ing the day whom I told of the honey 

 shower, su pposing it had been general , 

 but they were incredulous till shown 

 evidences of it. In the evening of the 

 same dav I noticed a mist between me 

 and the "sun. and a closer examina- 

 tion disclosed the fact that we were 

 having a repetition of the phenomenon , 

 which was witnessed by many people. 

 While it did not run off the house, 

 either morning or evening, it covered 

 the leaves of the trees and shrubs, and 

 was, without a doubt, honey dew, and 

 that, too, from a cloudless sky. 



Talbot, Ga. John Keb. 



