No. 4.] MARKET GARDENING. 25 



their droppings is used as iiuiinnv. Some say if you use it 

 for potatoes it makes the potatoes scabby. What I want to 

 ask is, if there is any harm is using the droppings for any 

 crop ? 



Mr. FuLLERTON. In the old times all the fertilizer we got 

 w^as from the cow stable and bird droppings, which were called 

 guano. It is the best of fertilizers, and can't be beat, but, 

 like everything else, it should be supplemented with green 

 crops turned under. I don't believe there will be any trouble 

 with it then, as it is one of nature's own fertilizers. 



Mr. Fos.TiiR. Has anything been discovered that will pre- 

 vent the fly from laying the egg the maggot from which at- 

 tacks the root of the cabbage ? 



Mr. FuLLERTON. No ; he is the hardest of all to deal with. 

 We have the best success with the use of wood ashes and lime 

 combined. He is the hardest creature to fight that I have 

 found. 



Question. Is there any way to kill wire worms in the 

 earth ? 



Mr. FuLLERTON. They are very difficult. As a rule, the 

 only way really to do it is to stop growing any crop, and starve 

 them out by constantly turning the soil over. 



Question. How about the fly that stings your grapes ? 



Mr. FuLLERTON. We shall have to do just as they do in 

 Europe. There, every bunch of grapes, every peach, every 

 pear, every plum and every quince is bagged with a common 

 paper bag. They run a fine wire through the bag and draw 

 it tight, so that it keeps everything out. We will come to it 

 here, because it pays ; it paid us last year. There was a ques- 

 tion whether you should bag them before the grapes set, or 

 not ; so I bagged half before they set, and left the others un- 

 bagged. Those I bagged were magnificent. The others I 

 bagged later, after the rose bugs had blighted some of the blos- 

 soms, but they were never as good as those bagged in the first 

 place. It seems wonderful that grapes will mature after being 

 bagged ; but they will, and you will get more money for the 

 perfect fruit. You can't have the old-fasKioned 75-foot or 

 80-foot apple trees ; you will have to bring them down where 

 you can get at them. 



