No. 4.] VARIETIES OF APPLES. 55 



chusetts, luul inn i;Ia(l to note that Beach reports it as one of 

 the coming coninicrcial apples in .New York. 



Good points : — 



1. High quality. 



2. Good color. 



3. Hangs on well. 



4. Productive. 



5. Even in size and shape. 



Sutton. 



Bad points : — 



1. Scabs some. 



2. Not so well known. 



3. May develop other faults. 



(11) Gravenstehi. — This is a German variety, introduced 

 into the United States about 1826. Its very attractive appear- 

 ance and excellent quality make it popular, even in spite of 

 the fact that as a rule it is not very productive. For cooking 

 it is not excelled by any variety of its season, and when fully 

 ripe and not overripe it is an excellent dessert variety. The 

 tree is a very vigorous grower, in fact, too vigorous unless 

 handled carefully, having a tendency to grow too late in the 

 fall and to be damaged by the severe weather which follows. 

 It is liable to sun-scald and to canker. It comes into bearing 

 fairly early, usually from seven to eight years, and is a relia- 

 ble cropper, though not a heavy one, with a considerable ten- 

 dency to bear biennially. The fruit ripens quite unevenly, 

 and ought to be picked twice or even three times to secure the 

 best results. The season is from the middle of September 

 until November. It may be kept later than this in good stor- 

 age, but the color fades badl}^ if it is kept much beyond its 

 season, far more than the Mcintosh does. It is apt to grow 

 a good many culls, particularly in the off year, running very 

 variable in both shape and size. Where it succeeds, no other 

 apple of its season can compete with it in the market. In 

 quality it ranks from good to best. 



Good points : — 



1. Fine quality, cooking and 



eating. 



2. Handsome appearance. 



3. Tree needs little pnaning. 



4. Well known. 



Gravenstein. 



Bad points : — 



1. Shy or biennial bearer. 



2. Winter-kills. 



3. Collar rot, rank grower. 



4. Fades in storage. 



5. Sun-scald and canker. 



