es imperative. 



NEBRASKA 



thorough, contin 



though iu the ri 



may be attained without it. In varieties the Hen Davis 



leads all others for marlset purposes. It is a large apple 



which yields well, colors well, keeps well and ships well. 



Thus far it has nhv^vs >,,1,1 w, II in .iK.rk. t. imtwifl, 



standing its poor qiKiliiy. It i-. ih, t.-i'mi-,. i li.' .\,lir;i~k;i 



apple which far cut-.li-tanr.s all ii]Hiin,rv. i)ili,r 



varieties of pruniiiiHii.-.- an- \\'i(n-~a('. -laiMi. W.aiihy. 

 Grimes, and Jouuthau. UuchL'.--» i.-, Ibc Icailiiig suiuiuur 

 apple. 



In the 100-acre orchard of E. T. Hartley, Lincoln, 

 lath screens are used to protect the trunks from the 

 fierce heat of the afternoon sun. The orchard is ten 

 years old. and .Mr. Haiti. v rrpurts that tin- iniirc ix- 



ings, and all thr ,i|„.ral 



been greatly ndi: ' 1 

 cutting-blade d.\ i-- 

 behind the di.sk li. i 

 thing clean and k :- - 

 By its use 140 an, - .-i 



of April t.. tl,.- nil, I. Ik 



than two cnits pn- irf 

 The native phiiii thr 



NECTARINE 



1063 



r L li ui> I, .III the surface. 



liar.!. .....laiuiliytiearly 12,000 



t c.)nditiuu from the latter part 



.\ugust in 1898, an unusuallv 

 t a cost of about $225, or less 



s well ov.-r a ..i,l, ,:,i,,.,. ,,| til,. 



sulfer friiiii -.-k.! 



disease, and the plum-gouger is :i ; i . , .: .i. 



but the results are generally good. 'Ik. I. ilni- \ ai i. t i.-s 

 are Wild Goose, Miner, DeSoto, Wdlt. Fon-st Harden 

 and others. European varieties have been little planted 

 as vet, though they succeed in the eastern portion of 

 the state. 



The fruit is sometimes <l.-k .n .. . Lm .-. ,.I. 



ably free from insect atta. 



almost unknown. Early I; . k . 



English Morello are the li-a.liiiL: \ ari. 1 1. -. >«. . t .li. !■ 



ries do not thrive. 



J. M. Russell & Son, of Wymore, on the southern 

 boundary of the state, have made a decided success of 

 peach-growing, and now have aliout 265 acres planted at 

 Wymore and netir Line. .In. .^0 a.-r.s of wliich are in 

 bearing. In 18iH; tk. y liai\ .-ir.l kj.imn l.usltf Is. They 

 head low, prune knt liitk . ami ui\ <■ tli..f. .u^di tillage dur- 

 ing the earlv ptirt ..f ik. ..ia~..ii. .\iii..]if; the varieties 

 which rr.'ve n,..-! - ,. i^ta.tury are Ah-.tander, Hale 

 Early, Eark k'l. ■ . - ' ...kclge Favorite, Champion, Hill 

 Chili ail. I I .! I> known as Wright. The early 

 varieties . - i ly satisfactory, owing to com- 

 parative ■ ! ■ M nif. 



Amoiii: i:-. Li a]. i-s thrive, but require 



morebiai:; i a -i and generally yield 



less. Til. i ■! ' ■' : . f I .: ,. I i.s are popular. Rasp- 

 berries tit. .1 kki.Kk.rii. - Mill. 1- ir..iii <lrouglit. They may 



commercial crops without water. Tin- same is tin.. ..f 

 strawberries. C'urrants and goosi-l...i-t'irs tlifixf. tin- 

 latter yielding well, thoiiirh the fruit i- ii,,i lai-i;.-. Cur- 

 excellent results li:,. .- I.,-. 1. .,i-i-,n.,-,|. 



The nursery itii. ! n. ai-.- iiiii.ortant. The 



actual acreage ni ; ^ i- .-stiinated at about ' 



500 acres. Appk-ti.. -, anl . -| ially apj.le seedlings, 



are largely grown. K..cit-gratling is the method used in 

 their propagation. This is partly because trees on their 

 own roots are found best adapted to the conditions pre- 

 vailing on the plains tui.l partlv because the weather is 

 likely t.. k. luil;.-, -i .kk at tin- time of budding. 



Gradual' . ' i k , . ami ..rnaiiiental gardening are 



increasini. ; . .1 t tke cities. Because of 



the cleat* .a [111,1 . . ^ a.. lis,- wi.rk must become popu- 

 lar as sonn as I., 11,1 markets develop. Seed-growing 

 has already matle the state considerable reputation. 

 Fred W. Card. 



In the eastern third of Nebraska, conditions are prac- 

 tically the same as those prevailing in lowti and central 

 Illinois. The ni<.st ti-yin- ,-,.n<liti..ii wlii.li has tn 1..- 



guarded against l.y tl i-.-kanlists is tin- srant snppiv 



of water during tin- Hiut.-r tinn- wki.-li k-av.-s tin- s,,il. 

 which is naturally liglit and i.orniis, s.i dry that tin- 



trees are frequently winter-killed or injured. The nun- 

 fall during the growing seasons averages about the 

 same as that of Ohio, while the rain-fall during the 

 entire year is very little over one-half that of the latter- 

 named state. 



Tin- sri-.-al.-st 11, -,-.1 in ins, in- l„-tt.-r r.-sults for the 



.Mv 1 



ely used. 



Mvi 



it may be budded is v. i-> -li..ri 

 very hard to use. On iln-..ik 

 the plum is a process « ki.-li k 

 great use by reason of tin- sua 

 average propagator is usually 



R( ' " 



gatii 



ending , 



re is little 

 i-arried on 

 In- further 

 ,.11 piece- 

 tiriiig the 

 uuch addi- 



emely well, especially in the ( 



In the vicinity of Omaha, Platts- 

 :i City, many vineyards are estab- 

 k- s,-an- f.. Ik. wing the lead of the 

 .«. rs k.,-at.-il just across the Mis- 



l; i-l.k. 1 1 1, - ami kla.-klii-rrn-s prniliice profitable crops 

 in the easti-ni and especially in the .southeastern por- 

 tion of the state. 



Strawberries usually produce good crops of fruit of 

 the highest quality. As a commercial venture very 

 little has been done in growing the small fruits, by 

 reason of the fact that in north Arkansas and southern 

 Missouri, where the season is much earlier, immense 

 quantities are produced with which all the state, prac- 

 tically, is supplied long before the home product is 

 mature. 



Currants and gooseberries are indigenous and thrive 

 well in the eastern portion of the state, but bear less 

 bountifully toward the west. 



\Yli,-r,-vi-r irriuatk.n has 1., , ii ].racticed, even on a 

 the 



al.iiii.laiiil\ sii|,|,|i.,\ with plums of delicious quality, 

 twc. ,.r till-,-,- s|„.,.n-s of the grape, and the wild crab. 

 Tln-r. war. ats.. i.. he found, occasionally, gooseberries, 

 currants and innll.erries. p. w. Ta-YLOR. 



NECT&RINE. A smooth -skinned peach {Pruints 

 Persica, var. lavis, Gray). Pig. 1464. Formerly it was 

 thought that the Nectarine was a distinct species of 

 plant. By D.-Calnk.lk- it was ,-all,-,l r,rsi.;i laris. 

 Roemer in l.s-i, ma,!,- tw.. s|.,-,-i.-> ,.|' it, r. /si, ./ .-k./.n . ,/, 

 the freestone N.i-larin.s, ami /'. /.,/-, s. tin- ,-lin-st,.in. 

 Nectarines. It is in.w km.wii. In.w.-M-r. that Ne,-larin,-s 

 often cmie fn.ni s. . .U ..f ]., -aches, and peaches have 

 come fr..ni s.-. ,1s i.f N,-. tariiies. Either may originate 

 frniii tin- ,.ili,-r l.y in. ans ,,f hud-variation. (See Dar- 

 win's ".\iiinials ami I'lants under Domestication" for 

 hist. .i-k-al, lata.) 



'I'h,- .-ultivation of the Nectarine is in all ways like 

 that ..t' tin- peach. Because of the smooth skin of the 

 fruit, it is perhaps more liable to the attacks of curculio. 

 It is less popular in the market than the peach, and 



