OSTROWSKIA 



A dark blue variety was thought to exist, but unt'oi*tu- 

 nately nothing of the kind has been seen in cultivation. 

 Altogether it is a very singular plant.with its great fleshy 

 roots, sometimes 2 ft. long, its whorled Ivs., and the 

 conspicuous pores of the capsule, which are twice as 

 numerous as the sepals — a ^t'lieric character. Unlike 



Platycodon, its I.-, u. i l.iuic.ii- and light green. 



It is the only >| - ^ i senus Ostrow- 



skya is close t,i i -i::! . ! _- : 1111,'uished by the 

 whorled Ivs. ;ui. I n,. ,1.1,., , li,- i, .h,. n. -ally greater. 



The Giant HaninU uii.i> .1 il. epli worked, perfectly 

 drained, sandy soil. Soon after flowering the plants go 

 to rest and nothing is left of them above ground. Their 

 place should be carefully marked to protect the brittle 

 roots from careless digging. Our dry summers and au- 

 tumns seem to suit the plants w,.ll. Imt frequently in a 

 moist October growtli startv an<t liiis seriously weakens 

 the old plants. When cniy a f.u- plants are grown, a 

 tight board covering will l»- f"un.l I'.mvenient for keep- 

 ing the roots dry and dormant. For winter protection 

 it is advisable to give a liberal covering of litter. Ex- 

 cessive moisture will destroy the crown. Flowering 

 specimens can hardly be expected within 4 years from 

 seed, and seeds are slow to germinate unless fresh. 

 Nurserymen now propagate the plant by cuttings of 

 the young growths taken with a heel in spring; ama- 

 teurs by root-cuttings. 



magnifica, Regel. Giant Beli.-fi.ower. Tall, strict, 

 glabrous herb, with tuberous i-<>Mr^r l\ --. in distant 

 whorls of 4 or 5, ovate, toothed. v|,<,i 1 -^I'dk. d. 4-U in. 

 long; calyx-lobes 2 in. long, spr-aMin:,^ <n- r-curved: 

 floral parts 5-9, usually 7: stvlc lar:,'i'. thi.'k. vellow. 

 Eastern Bokhara, at 7,000 ft. Gn. :!4:G81; .52, p. 481. 

 B.M. 7472. G.F. 6;276. A.F. 4;331. V. 11;305. G.M. 

 31;459, 461. R.H. 1893;472 and p. 473; 1888, p. 344. 

 I.H. 35:71. G.C. III. 4:05. S.H. 1 :437. 



J. B. Keller and W. M. 



OSTRYA (ancient name). CiipuHlero!. Ostrya Vir- 

 ginica, commonly known in America as Hop Hornbeam, 

 Ironwood or Leverwood, is a small- to medium-sized 

 tree, with birch-like foliage, slender yellow male cat- 

 kins borne in spring, and female catkins which look 

 like clusters of hops, and ripen in July and August. In 

 the eastern states the Ht'p Hnrnl>eaui usually grows 

 about 15 to 18 ft. high. Inn in tI„ iMihll,. West it grows 

 much higher, sometinu - tt. The bark is 



beautifully furrowed. I - a wide range, 



but is not common, o. . " .,"-<m. . r. , ^,-..p., and O.Ja- 

 ponica, Sarg., have prove. I liai.ly ai the Arnold Arbore- 



Ostrya is a genus of 4 species — the following, one in 

 southwestern U. S., one in Eu. and Asia and one in Ja- 

 pan. Catkins borne with the Ivs. or before: males 

 drooping, sessile at the ends of bramhlets „f the pre- 

 vious year, their fls. solitary in tin- a\il i.f .a.-h hraet: 

 females terminal, solitary, ereet. ilnir tU. L' tn each 

 bract, enclo.sed by a bractlet, whiiOi in fruit enlarges 

 into a closed membranous bladder: male fls. without 

 bractlets; stigmas 2: nut compressed, sessile in the 

 base of the bladder-like sac. 



Tirginica, Willd. Fig. 1597. Lvs. ovate or oblong- 

 ovate, acuminate, doubly serrate ; bladders 6-8 lines 

 long, 4-5 lines wide in fruit; female catkins 1!^-2H in. 

 long. Dry woods. Cape Breton to Minn., south to Fla. 

 and Tex. S.S. 9:445. B.B. 1:507. Gn. 24, pp. 230, 231. 



OSWEGO TEA. Jfoiinj-rfa ,U,hjma. 



0TH£BA Japdnica, imported by Berckmans, Au- 

 gusta, Ga., is an evergreen shrub, with obovate or ob- 

 long-obovate glabrous Ivs.. entire or nearly so, and 2-3 

 in. long. There can be but little doubt that it is a species 

 of Ilex, but the shape of the Ivs. does not agree exactly 

 with the flgure given by Thunbergof his O. Japoniea, 

 which was subsequently referred to Ilex by Sprcngel 

 under the name /. Olhera. In none of the more recent 

 publications on the Japanese flora, however, is either 

 name mentioned, and it is likewise omitted in the 

 monograph of Ilex by Maximowicz. As the genus 

 Ofhera has no botanical standing it is perhaps the best 

 to use Ilex Olhera as a provisional name for the culti- 



OTHOXNA 



1179 



vated plant until it has borne fls. and fr., and thus en- 

 abled us to determine its exact botanical position. In 

 foliage it resembles very much /. integra, and it may 

 probably prove to be this species when the fruits are 

 known. The Olhera Japoniea of Thunberg as flgured 

 in his Icones Plantarimi Japoniearum, pi. 13, is much 

 like /.ro/H«(?n, and may represent a plant .)f this species 

 with staminate fls. The hanlin.v.; ,.( th.- cultivated Ilex 

 Olhera is probably the same as that .if /, lntifoUa and 

 inlegra , and also its cultivatinn an,l irn.pairation. See 

 Orixa. \i,ii,i i. Rriii>KK 



Olhera Japoniea, & very beautifni c,i nam, nial .vit- 

 green shrub or small tree, is well estalili-lM -I m -. \.ial 

 Florida gardens. In the late E. H. Halt -, Ljanlm. at 

 Federal Point. Fla., there is a small, bushy, dense tree, 

 alinut JL' feit hish. which has flowered and fruited abun- 

 dantly. ■]'».. jilaiits in my own garden, one on high pine 



laini, tl tin 1- in richer soil near the lake, have done 



e\,-rr, liiiL'li "i II. though tho OUB lu luolst ground is by 

 fr.i 111. ill- I an. 1 very dense. They were planted out in 

 'I '■ md the most vigorous one is now 7 feet 



ill- I ill in diameter, provided with branches 



tr-iii ill. _.|.,iiMil. The plant resenihles Ile.r inteqra. 

 lint i- illlt.a-.nt in habit and irniwtli. Whatever it- enr- 



uxauon ana ieru.izing. jj Xe„ki.inu. 



OTHONNA (ancient Greek name, of no particular 

 application here). Compdsilie. About 80 South .\fricau 

 herbs and shrubs, of which one (Fig. 1598) is in general 

 cultivation as a window-garden plant. The heads are 

 usually yellow, with fertile rays and sterile tubular 

 disk florets: torus convex or somewhat conical, usually 

 honeycombed : scales of involucre in one series, more 

 or less united to the base, valvate : style of disk fls. 

 not divided : akenes oval, with bristle-like pappus in 

 many rows or series. Only one species of Othonua ap- 

 pears to be in general cultivation, and this has no es- 

 tablished vernacular name in this country, although it 

 is sometimes dubbed "Little Pickles" because of its 

 cylindrical, pulpy leaves. 



The plant shown in Fig. 1598 is commonly known as 



1597. Hop Hornbeam— Ostrya Virfiinica 



Olhonna ctasiifoha, but thereby arises a puzzle in no- 

 menclature By Linnaeus a certain flat leaved plant was 

 called Olhonnn rta<f.ifnlw 'Subsequently some of the 

 species of Oth mil 1 V MI v p ntei hv Jaubert & Spach 

 intoadi-t 1 listinguished by in- 



volucral 1 the disk florets 2- 



parted ( 1 to this new genus 



was O/A t 1 1 h then became O^/jOH- 



nop•,l^^lh II I I I I lub i. S| nh Bentham & Hooker 

 consider Linnieus Olhonna eiassifolia to be a horticul- 

 turil form of Olhonnopsis cheiiifoha It was therefore 

 a natural sequence to say that the Olhonna crassifolia 

 of horticulturists is properly Olhonnopsis cheirifolia, 

 a statement which the writer made in the revision of 

 Gray's "Field, Forest and Garden Botany." It turns 

 out, however, that the Olhonna crassifolia of horticul- 

 turists is not the Olhonna crassifolia of Linnaeus (if he 

 has been correctly reported). The former plant is a 

 true Othonna. It is the Olhonna crassifolia of Har- 

 vey: but since this name crassifolia was used by Lin- 

 naeus, it cannot be used again in the same genus, and 

 Harvey's plant must take some other name. In fact, 

 before Harvey's time, the name Olhonna crassifolia 

 was used by Meyer for still another species. The O. 



