PANICULAKIA 



branches long and spreading: spikelets l-T-fld., 2-3 

 lines long: flowering glumes 1 line long. North America. 

 — Good for planting in wet places for the margins of 

 aquatic gardens, etc. 



nervita, Kuntze (Ghjceria neri'dte, Trin.,also Hort.). 

 Nekved Manna-Grass. Lower and more slender (1-3 

 ft. high), erect, glabrous: Ivs. much smaller (2-3 lines 

 widej : panicle 3-8 in. long, greenish, its branches long 

 and spreading: spikelets 3-7-fld., 1-lK lines long; 

 flowering glumes three-fourths of a line long. North 

 America. — A graceful native grass growing in damp 

 ground or shady places k M Wiegand 



PANICUM (old Latin name of Italian millet Selaita 

 Kahca s iid to be deri\ed tiom p«Ktt((iM»i a panicle, 

 alluding to the usual form of the inflorescence) 

 G-taminem An immense genus of grasses scattered 



1 I I I I It 



fact th it the> are not well represented in the meadows 



and I 1 dines ot temperate and northern regions An 



ir II it Lt t I i^ pTiss of the wiimtr rtgicns is how 



/ S| 1^ I ts with one 



i I ! t1 nd flower 



I lilt a glume 



1 1 1 1 1 I 1 u the third 



I ci ., I iUell Heimt, t,lume IS Lhdi iLterized by 



bting of a much hrmcr texture 



virgitum, Lmn An upright grass with stiff culms 

 2-0 ft high spikelets m loose compound panicles 

 usu-ilh more or less puijl 1 h q punted first 

 ^lunie half as long as s} il 1 1 second 



ind third glumes of about 1 1 I utrved A 



hirl\ perennial used for i 'lis Native 



of eastern U S R H 18 " i Is [ 2 M U, 



p. 215; 29, p. 235; 37, p. 245. 



sulc&tnm, Aubl. A tall perennial, 4-6 ft., native of 

 tropical America: Ivs. large, 1 in. or more broad, some- 

 what hairy, conspicuously plicate: panicle narrow, 

 about 1 ft. loTi;,', with iiKiiiy ascending branches, bearing 

 short-pedir, llr.l ^pikriits tliroughout their length, and 

 also scatt.i-i (I l.ii^tli>: spikelets pointed: lower glume 

 one-halt, scc.m.l ^'hnn.- two-thirds the length of third 

 and fourth, ail strongly nerved. 



pUc&tum, Lam. Called "palm grass" in the South, 

 where it is cultivated for ornament. Native of East 

 Indies. Resembles the preceding, but Ivs. broader and 

 nearly smooth, and panicle larger and more bristly: 

 spikelets similar. R.H. 1862. p. 2!)0; 1896, p. 572. Gn. 

 12, p. 517; 31, p. 487; 37, p. 245. — Woolson, of Passaic, 

 N. J., says it grows 4-6 ft. high in the hardy border 

 and makes a fine statelv grass; useful for winter 

 bou^ii.-ts. A vari.-gat.-.l foriii is figured in F.S. 17:1743 



China and Japan, aii<l 

 try unknown, but prdi:; 

 cussed in Parmer's llii 

 What is usually grown 

 name of Millet is .S. /, 

 P. i'an"c£rd(um=Opl 



Crus-galli. 

 form is kii..w 



is used for f'^ 



AKXYAKi. (JRASS. The Cultivated 

 111 Kanivanl niillet. The ordinary 



ivatr.l s.ijl. TIh' f.irni in the trade 



eies [P. fi-Hi,,. I, t.f. niH > 1^ iis,.,i ill liMlia fur its grain. 

 Panicle nia.li' iii. uf nuiiiirciis ,l<-iisi- ali.rnate spikes: 

 spikelets crowded on two sides of a 3-sided axis: sec- 

 ond and third glumes more or less awned. Annual. 



capilUre, Linn. Old Witch Grass. A common 

 native annual grass and weed, recommended for culti 

 vation on account of its ornamental purple panicle 

 which is ample and loose, the spikelets being borne ot 

 slender hair-like pedicels. R.H. 1890, p. 525; 1896, p. 572 



miliaoetun, Linn. Trite Millet. Bkoomcorn Millet. 

 Spikelets all pedicellate in an umbel-like, drooping pan- 

 icle, each with 3 empty glumes and 1 flower. — A tall 

 nual grass (3^ ft.) with soft Ivs., grown for fodder, but 

 not in common use in this country. Cultivated from 



ii. .1 i;i.--ia. Native coun- 



I . I ; i -^ More fully dis- 



I ' r. S. Dept. Agric. 



iiM I ' I States under the 



1 i;,/,.i.i and its varieties. 

 Burmanni. For P.Germanicum^ 

 see setana. a. S. Hitchcock. 



PANSY. The Pansy is everywhere 

 There is much character in it. Tht 

 likened to a face It appeals to pel 

 fact the word Pansy is only a corrupt 

 pemee meiniij, thought lie lit 

 ease is also i ill I 



plant has o i I 

 Pansy is oi I 



mentions it il 



critical stu hi i t tl 



the Pansj w I 



tinct from wil I \ 

 that Its spec 1 1 \ 

 tity could nut 1 1. dttci 

 mined nith precision 

 and in fact this is the 

 case to the piesent 

 dij It IS geuei illj 

 considered however 

 that It his descended 

 from I tolafrtcof /{see 

 I iola)f a small peren 

 ni il VIC let natne toil 

 cooler parts of Eun i 

 In Its neuly uormil i 

 unlmpro^ed form 

 I wla titiolor IS 

 grown in gardens Fig 

 1634 It lb a most m 

 teresting plant be 

 cause handsome flow 

 ered and variable The 

 flowers of this Molet 

 usually have three 

 colors or shades, mostly blue whitish and jellow, but in 

 the different varieties one of the colors strongly pre- 

 dominates. A form with very small and inconspicuous 

 flowers (var. arvensis) has run wild in many parts of 

 the country. 



Pansies are perennial, but they are grown practically 

 as winter or spring annuals. Commercial growers sow 

 the seeds in fall, and sell great quantities of the .seedling 

 plants before winter sets in. These plants are bloomed 

 in frames or cold greenhouses, or they are planted in 

 the open for spring bloom. Plants are also started in- 

 doors in late winter for spring bloom. Pansies delight 

 in cool, moist weather; hence the American summer is 

 not to tlieir liking, and they usually perish. A new 

 stuck of i.laiits is startnl .-very year. 



Thf ithiiirrn imi'i-MX I'll ransics run in strains or fami- 

 lies ratln I- tliaii in il.ainii.' \ arieties. These strains are 

 maintaiiic.l ai a liicli L:ia.lr livthe best cultivation and 

 the closest attcuti.iii to s.lrction. The seed of the best 

 strains is necessarily expensive, for it represents much 

 human care. The stock usually runs down quickly in 

 other hands. It should be renewed from the seed- 

 breeder each year if the best results are to be main- 

 tained. These fancy and high-bred strains require extra 

 care in the growing. Most of the best strains are of 

 European origin. They are usually known by the name 

 of the breeder. The chief points of merit in the high- 

 bred Pansy are size of flower, brilliancy of coloring, 

 arrangement of colors. The flowers may be self-colored 

 (of only one color) or parti-colored. The parti-colored 

 flowers are of throo general types; 2 banner petals and 

 3 ceTltrai i"-tals- of ilitTnri-iit cniors : petals all niargined 

 with hi- Kiel- ,■,,!, a-: i ,, I 1 1 . a I Ul i . i ,, , I Tin i , . :, i-,. all grades 



fouie! ' r • . . : a', . ■ .'|,'nreyel- 



low. (liHer, in siiii.i,.^ ,,f 111,,,.. |,iii-[,|,-, \ i,.|ia. nal-purple. 

 Pansy flowers are now grown 3 in across. Fig. 1635. 



With the above account may be compared Gerard's 

 description of Pansies in 1587. He pictures the Hearte- 

 ease or Viola tricolor with small violet-like flowers, the 



