1208 



PAPAVER 



parted, the bristles many or few, appressed or spread- 

 ing, the fls. spotted or not. Eu., Orient. Gn. 30, p. 297. 

 — Up to 1886 the French Poppies were considered the best 

 strain. Since then the lovely strain known as Shirley 

 Poppies has surpassed all others. This strain was de- 

 veloped by the Rev. W. Wilks, secretary of the Royal 

 Horticultural Society. It is one of the finest contribu- 

 tions to floriculture ever made by an amateur (see p. 

 1200). Var. ranunculifldnim, Hort., is a strain with 



^^ 



1638. Oriental Poppy. Papav 



double tls. in various colors, self and variegated, with 

 the petals entire, rounded and somewhat reflexed. Var. 

 Japdnicum, Hort., is a strain introduced about 1893 from 

 Japanese gardens, and said to have smaller and fuller 

 fls. than ordinary and of more varied shades. They are 

 called Japanese or Japanese Pompons. Rhoeas was the 

 name used by the ancient Greeks and Romans for the 

 Corn Poppy. 



Var. umbrdsum, Mottet( P.itmbrdsum, Hort.) , is a plant 

 with petals of a darker red than the typical P. Rhaas 

 and blackish spots. It was introduced by Vilmorin 

 about 1891, and was considered a marked gain in pro- 

 ductiveness. The habit is dwarf, compact, much 

 branched. Soon after a double form was distributed. 

 Mottet considers it a form of P. Shceas, but some bot- 

 anists consider it a form of P. commutatnm. Judging 

 from a single trade specimen, the undersigned supposes 

 it is a nearly glabrous form of P. Rhxas : the buds are 

 bristly, but otherwise the plant has only a very few 

 appressed hairs on the peduncles and on "the Ivs. along 

 the midribs. P. umbrosum was found growing wild in 

 Attica. P. commutatum is a species closely allied to 

 P. Wiaeas, and differs in having the petals obovate 

 and not overlapping instead of orbicular and overlap- 

 ping, while the anthers are ovate instead of oblong. 

 R.H. 1891, p. 431; 1893:12; 1893, p. 350. G.C. 11. 22:49. 

 V. 9:187. 



Var. Hodkeri (P. Rodl-eri, Baker). A puzzling plant 

 found in the gardens of India, and of unknown parent- 

 age. It is nearest to P. Rhwas, and "differs in its great 

 size, for it forms a bushy herb 4 ft. high and upwards, 

 and in the great number of the stigmatic rays, which 



PAPA\'ER 



are 12-20, i . e., nearly double those of P. Rhoeas; the 

 fls., capsule and seeds also are much larger and the 

 stigma broader in proportion." The fls. attain 314 in. 

 in diam., and vary from pale rose to bright crimson, 

 with a white or black spot at the base. B.M. C729. Gn. 

 29, p. 139. G.C. II. 25:9. Procurable from England. - 

 Said to revert occasionally to P. Rhoeas. 



5. rupifragum, var. Atlinticum, Ball (P. AtUnticum, 

 Haage & Schmidt ) . Hoary and everywhere covered with 

 copious spreading hairs except the glabrous capsule: 

 height 1-2 ft.: Ivs. oblanceolate; hairs spreading: fls. 

 2-3 in. across; petals orange-red or scarlet; stigmatic 

 rays 6-8: capsule club-shaped. Morocco. 6,000-7,000 ft. 

 B.M. 7107. 



6. Cauc&sicum, Bieb. (P. 



■sf.). 



B K. 



sected: buds ovate: calyx i;! 

 petals somewhat in pairs: sti;.;i 

 B..M. 1075 (brick-red, not spott 



7. arenirinm, Bieb. Annual, sparingly beset with 

 bristles which are spreading on the stem and appressed 

 on the foliage: Ivs. twice pinnatisect into minute linear 

 strips: fls. purple, with a dark spot at the base of each 

 petal; filaments not dilated: capsule obovate or top- 

 shaped, with a convex disk : stigmatic rays 7-9. Sandy 

 places in Caucasus and Caspian region. — Procurable in 

 England. 



8. laevigitum, Bieb. Glabrous or with a few small 

 bristles: fls. purple, usually spotted; petals minute, 

 obovate: capsule narrowly top-shaped or club-shaped: 

 stigmatic rays 8-10. Greece, Orient. — It is doubtful 

 whether the plant sold under this name is true, for in 

 G.C. III. 5:21 it is .shown with large, roundish, over- 

 lapping petals. 



'1. Callibmicum, Gray. Annual, sparsely pilose-pubes- 

 11 lit. 1 _",. ft. liitrh: Ivs. pinnately parted or divided 

 iiii.i :i.uti-li t.p.iiln-d or 3-lobed or entire segments: fls. 



Boiss. & Rent. Dull green, nearly 

 glabrous. Spain. The typical form offered in England. 

 See No. 5. 



11 Klaiicum, n..iss. & Hausskn. Tulip Poppy. Per- 

 ' I nil glabrous except a few small, ap- 



I I ili.iig the peduncles, branched at the 



li:i' V ■ irnadly cordate at the base, pinnately 



l<..irrit lit (-aiu-ii. the lobes triangular, di T^*:iri ; rhr ti nth 

 obtuse, callous, muticous: petals laiL- '.■ ■ •inl 



atthebase: capsule ovate, stalked; ^m i > ' ■ i '^iit 

 12. Svria. Gt. 40, p. 608. repeated ii ■ i ill J7. 



R.B. 20, p. 58. S.H. 2:467 anil V. l.',:,:. l;.ll. lt;ii;. p. 

 463; 1893, p. .350. Int. Is'.'l Ix I ;. luiry, of Krfurt.-The 

 charming plant s..M iiml. r lii- nan, e reminds one im- 

 mediately of a tulip 111 r,ni-i ,1 tlu color and texture of 

 the flower, but espei-iallv hirmi^. nf its cup-like shape. 

 The two inner petals are smallir, i n-.t. ami make a loo.se 

 cup. The plants grow about ]L'-I4 in. liii,'li jiiid produce 

 50-«0 large fls. 



12. acule&tam, Thunb. (P. Cmii i.'nnnii. Burch. P. 

 ht'irrkhim, I>C.). Annual, 1-4 ft. high: stem branched, 

 densely covered with spreading, rigid, unequal bristles: 

 Ivs. green, sinuately pinnatifid, the laciniations spine- 

 tipped: fls. scarcely 2 in. across; petals scarlet -orange, 

 unspotted: capsule elalifAn-. nlil.intr-obovate. S.Africa, 

 Australia. B.M. 36l':: Tl r i.nh I'oppy known to in- 

 habit the southern In m i-jli.M . I'n'rurable in England. 

 Annual in S. Africa. I.ut -.ml Im h. Iiiinnial in northern 

 botanic gardens. 



13. pildsum, Sibth. and Sm. Perennial. This flower is 

 about 3 in. across, brickred, the petals all of a size and 

 with a pale spot at the base: .stems tall and scabrous, 

 freely branched : Ivs. covered with velvety, appressed 

 hairs; stem-lvs. clasping, broadly oblong, lobed and 

 serrate: capsule glabrous, oblong-club-shaped : stigmatic 

 rays 6-7. Rockv alpine heights of Mt. Olympus in 

 Bithvnia. B.M. 4749. Gn. 41, p. 277; 42, p. 585. 



