1294 



PHASEOLUS 



f 



FHAS£OLUS (ancient Latin name, somewhat altered, 

 of a beau). Legiimhibsw. Bean. Annual or perennial 

 mostly twining herbs, or some of thrm w.nirly at the 

 lia-ic, with mostly pinnately 3-foliol:it.' ~ti]i. il.it. haves, 

 axillary peiluncles bearing cluster^ ft wiiiii, \<lluw, 



red or purplish papilionaceous flowers, ami i • ■ less 



compressed (dat-sided) several to many-seeded -I-vaived 

 pods. Many species have been described, all of warm 

 countries, but there are probably not more than 100 

 kinds that can be clearly separated as species. Prom 

 its allied L'.-iier.-i. I>lias..,.liis is «..paratHd by minute 

 charactiT^ ^i , ;,l ■, x, . ^i > I,, an,! k,, 1, h, I -liii -.-idus the style 



isbeardi 'I ;. i . : ' ilihuIs oblique 



or lateral ,:,,.. 1 ^f the style; 



the keel i~ .-..lir,] nii.,a Murai I .. " h . I nr hiding the 10 

 diartelphous stamens ( in and 1 1 . 



Since Phaseoli are tropical or warm-country plants, 

 they must not be subjected to frost. Most of them are 

 garden annuals which are given a warm place after all 

 danger of frost is past. One of them, P. Caraealla. is 

 sometimes grown as a greenhouse climber, but in Cali- 

 fornia and other warm parts it thrives in the open and 

 climbs hedges and trees, often smothering them. The 

 culture is set forth under Bean, but the species are 



contrasted below. See, also, 

 Mucuna, Vicia, Vigna. 



INDEX, 

 aconitifoliiis, 5. gonospermus, i 



Glyci 



ohlongv3, 8. 

 puberuliis, 7. 

 radiatus. 6. 



A. Perennial tall-twining species, with large, fragrant, 

 showy fls., and nearly or quite glabrous Ivs, 

 1. Carac&lla, Linn. Caracol. Snail-Flower. Cork- 

 screw-Flower. Leaflets broadly rhombic-ovate, pointed 

 or acuminate: fls. large and fleshy, in axillary racemes. 



FHASEOLUS 



light purple to yellowish, very fragrant, the large keel 

 coiled like a snail shell. Tropics, probably of the Old 

 World. B.R. 4:341. V. 2, p. 370. -Naturalized in parts 

 of California, where it grows 20 or more feet high, some- 

 times becoming a nuisance. It is an old-fashioned 

 glasshouse plant in cold climates, but is now rarely 

 seen. It is sometimes planted out in summer. 



2. adendnthus, Meyer (P. amanus, Soland. P. Trnx- 

 illhisis, HBK. P. cirrhdsiis, HBK.). Foliage much 

 like that of the last, the Ifts. ovate and somewhat acute: 

 fls. very showy, red (or light blue 1), fragrant, in dense 

 almost capitate clusters: pod 4-G in. long, usually curved. 

 Tropics; grown sparingly in southern California. 



AA. Perennial from tuberous roots {biit P. multiflorus 

 grown as ,i n annua! If.), the fls. either large o» 

 small, the Ifs. pubescent or scabrous. 



3. multifldrus.Willd. Scaki.h Ki nm uVi an. Ditch 

 Case-Knife Bean (a whiti- \ . . I i::i!i. Root 

 thickened and tuberous, pen II ~ ili but per- 

 ishing in the North: plant laii i^>u.;h_ .i.d slender, 

 minutely pubescent: Ifts. thin, il,..ii.l.a i.i aiu and acute, 

 scabrous -pubescent : fls. rather large and showy, in 

 racemes, in the Scarlet Runner type red, in the Dutch 

 Case-Knife white, the keel not distinctly projecting: pods 

 long (3-6 in.), with a curved slender type: beans large 

 and plump, much flattened or nearly cylindric, red and 

 black in the Scarlet Runner, white in the many other 

 forms. South American or Mexican, but now widely 

 spread. -The Scarlet Runner form is ]>opuUiras an orna- 

 mental vine for arl...!- ai .1 i i . r v, ii..;< .,■ - .i i,h lini.'s 



being known as F\,.y,. ■ -:_ r. ■ . ■ I . i . .' I ■■• Tlir 

 Dutch C.- 



-Knif.- 



Melde': 



by the Me 



are apparently white-fld. form- I 



seed seems always to be as^. . 

 dwarf or "bush "'form, probal.l) mI /'. i,,.. ' 

 introduced a few years ago as BartidiUs' : 

 (see Bull. 87, Cornell Exp. Sta.). Fig. 1740. 

 likely that more 

 than one species 

 is passing as P. 

 multiflorus, 

 of the Mexican 

 forms being im- 

 perfectly under- 

 stood. 



