PI LEA 



flowers are monoecious or tlioecious, mostly very small 

 and in axillary clusters; stamens 3-4, and the sepal- 

 lobes in the staminate tts. of the same number; sepal- 

 lobes of pistillate fls. 3, the ovary 3-angled and erect 

 and bearing a sessile tufted stigma, with 3 scale-like 

 staminodiuras : fr. an akene, ovate or nearly orbicular, 

 compressed, more or less invested in the perianth. 

 There are 150 or more species of Pilea, one of whicli, 

 P. pumila, is a small nettle-like plant growing in the 



The Artillery Plants of the gardens are small branchy 

 half-succulent herbs, usually grown in pots and allowed 

 to reach a foot or so in height. The gracefully curving 

 fronds of small ovate or obovate shining leaves are 

 much prized. They are easy to grow, being propagated 

 by cuttings. They thrive "best when given an abun- 

 dance of water. Sometimes they are used as edgings in 

 orchid houses, to screen the pots with green, and they 

 also tend to equalize the moisture conditions and thereby 

 contribute to the welfare of the orchids. 



When the staminate flowers open, the pollen is usually 

 discharged forcibly and visibly. If a plant is put in a 

 sunny place when the pollen is ripe, it may set up 

 a vigorous bombardment, particularly if the foliage is 

 sprayed. (See I. H. 1, p. 64 ( 18.54) for an account of this 

 phcnomi-uon.) The Artillery Plant is seen in nearly 

 i\. \-\ -I I c iilh.iisr. but whether there is more than one 



-i n cultivation it is difficult to deter- 



ii: - :h- <'haracters are difficult to draw. The 



h-. nil -:i .ipposite, are unequal. Usually the 



braii._iiiLi.^ iit.\tlup alternately on the branch. 



microphylla, Liebm. {P. mnscbsa, Lindl. P. eaUi- 

 trichioldes ot some nuthoTs). Monoecious: small, rather 

 weak plant: Ivs. less than J< in. long as a rule, some- 

 times very small: fl. -clusters mostly sessile or nearly so. 

 S. Amer. 



serpyllifdlia, Wedd. (P. muscdsa, Hort. in part. P. 

 calUtrlchioides of some). Fig. 1802. Dioecious: plant 

 usually stronger and more upright: Ivs. usually more 

 than Ji in. long, and fl. -clusters more peduncled. Mex. 

 Seems to be the commoner species, but it is difficult to 

 determine them. L_ 



PIIOCAEPTJS (Greek, pUos, a cap, and karpos, a 

 fruit, from the shape of the fruit). MntAcew. Shrubs or 

 small trees, sometimes attaining 10 ft., with pinnately 

 compound Ivs. of 1-4 pairs and a terminal leaflet; the 

 Ifts. opposite, but the Ivs. usually alternate: fls. in 

 elongated racemes: petals 4-5, valvate; stamens 4-5: 

 ovary 4-5-lobed, not tubercled. The plants of the genus 

 form the source of the alkaloid "pilocarpine," and to- 

 gether with plants of several other genera, the basis of 

 the drug "Jaborandi." Seventeen species, natives of 

 tropical America, principally Brazil. 



pennatildlius, Lem. Branchlets glabrous or puheru- 

 lent: Ivs. alternate, 1-VA ft. long; Ifts. 2 or 3 pairs, be- 

 sides the terminal one, 3-9 in. long, oblong ; apex 

 rounded or eniarginate, coriaceous, yellowish green: 

 raceme spike-like, many-fld. (about 100); rachis stout, 

 pedicels stout, horizontal, with 2 small greenish tooth- 



PILOCEREUS 1.33T 



shaped bracts at their bases: fls. reddish brown, rotate. 

 Brazil. B.M. 7235.-Int. into Calif, by Dr. Francesehi, 

 and said to be hardy in the open wherever the lemon 

 can be successfully grown. 





Arnolu V. Stui 



PILOCEEETTS (Latin, ;)i7i(s, hair). CactcLcew. Asome- 

 what hetereogeneous assemblage of forms differing from 

 related species principally by the presence in the fruit- 

 ing area of different or more copious and lengthened 

 hairs or bristles, in some of the species aggregated in a 

 circumscribed area and termed a cephalium. For cul- 

 ture, see Cactus. 



Brunnowii, 5. 

 Celsianus, 5. 

 chrysomalhis. 9. 



,12. 



INDEX. 



floctnisus, 6. Royeni, 6. 



fossitlatus, 5. SargeiLtiam 



Haagei, li. Schottii. 1. 



polylophus. 



A. Fruiting area circumferential, of lengthened bristles- 

 or weak spines, without woolly hairs: no hairs on- 



1. Schattii, Lem. {P. Sanientictmis, Ore). Pig. 1803. 

 Branching from the base, lil-15 ft. hiirh. glaucous: ribs; 

 4-10, commonly 5; spim^ t-7. \ ri-y slun-t, tliii-ktiH-d :it 

 base: areolae of the fnntiiii; :ur:i li.^uin- v, rv r.ii.i,,,,^ 

 and long (1-3 in.) stilll-h tui-n.i l.riMlr,: iS. Mnall. 

 pinkish, about 1 in. Ion-: fr- si.ii. .diKI. . iIm ^izc and 

 somewhat the coli.r of an Mli\c. N..riii .McxhM and Baja, 

 California. G.F. 4:4:;7. 



2. scoparius, P"-cl-. Tr.-. lik.. i i.lih liranrhi-d. 25 ft. 

 high, 1 ft. in cliaiii.: ra.lial -liii,.- lJ-i:,,v.rN ~li,.rt. cen- 

 trals 7-8, not iiiurli I.i,,^-,,'; 1,1 il,,. il..«,,-iim l.ralirhf^ 

 the spines chan-r to |..Tm.r ^toui l,ii-tl,v an.l lli.- airola- 

 are closer td-.'tli.r. f.nniili- a l.ri-tty .al.ltaliinn ; IN. 

 small, bell-shalird, r.d.li-li : Ir. -I ■■ ol a lia/.lnul . Xrar 



bristle-like, less than '.. in. Ioul- ; 



usually 1; spines of ilif Mow* im 



crowded: fls. large, tnnii|.c t -liap. , 



scaly. Mex. 



AA. Fruiting area hilir^ii. ./ •!■ , 



which the flow rs ,,,, i,„in 



lanuginous, «• j-c. ;-/ //. /'. II' 



4. Hoppenst6dtii, W.li. c.lniiin 



reaching a heitrlit .if :!n ft.: nl'< ii 



Ki: radial spines 14-18. viiy slmr 



lower 1 



lunar, ^iiii]il<-. slender, 

 < nuiii, iMU~, more than 

 hort ; .■.■ntrals 5-8. the 

 .; all tlir spines at first 

 sh^then white: cephalium of 1-2 in. long tufts of 

 yellowish hairs, forming a narrow bract on the north 

 side of the plant : fls. 3 in. long, bell-shaped, whitish, 

 with rosy tips. Mex. 



5 Celsianus, Lom. i p. f,,sxiil!ifus. Lab.). Columnar, 

 in tin- -arM. n- -jni-lr. hai.ih more than 4 ft.high, 3in. 

 indiani.: rii.~ !" I, ' i ; -roen; areola? bearing long 

 (2 ill. I Willi' I ■ -|iiues usually 9, the lower 



one. till- loiiL'i-t. I --ili.iii 1 ill. long; central usually 1, 

 sometimes 4. the Iniit'est sometimes 3 in. long, all yellow: 

 fls. not known. Andes of Bolivia. 



Var. Brinnowii, Schura. (P. Bninnowii, Haage Jun.). 

 Stem stouter: wool brownish, more copious ; spines 

 stronger and darker. 



6. Koy^ni, Riimpl. (P. floccbsua, Lem.). Columnar, 

 branching, reaching 15 ft. in height, 2-3 in. in diam.: 

 ribs 9-in. obtuse bluish pniinose: spines 12-16. rigid, 

 divanr.'ii,.. l.ri-lil .■hiiIh r-v, Ilo... . it,, ii,i„T oii..s larger, 

 ncarl '■','.■.■ '■' ■' • ■■•'■'■ '.■■■..•.■■ N.iii,' hairs 



last 



