1372 



PLEIONE 



the labellums, side lobes streaked with purple, middle 

 lobe ovate, wavy, white, spotted with purple and yellow. 

 The Ivs. (all in Sept.; fls. in Nov. B.M. 4691. P.S. 

 14:1470. F. 18.il:97 (all as Coi-lor/i/ne m<,n(lnta}.-VsiT. 

 Benniiiica was once offered by Wm. Mathews. 



prsBCOX, D. Don (P. Walliehichia, Lindl. & Past.). 

 Fig. 1850. Pseudobulbs flask-shaped, depressed, dull 

 green, warted and covered with a network of the old 

 split sheaths : Ivs. broadly lanceolate, plicate: fls. 

 large, on short i>c(l\ini-lH« ; ^.-pals ],,nif lanceolate, 

 spreading, pink ; p.t:iN smiil.-ir l.ut iKirn.wer; labellum 

 trumpet-shaped. iiiili-ini.-Ti\ 1m) ,. il, ]pink. white and yel- 

 low in the throat ; .Ii-k \Mtli l"ii.'itucliii,,l fringed lamel- 

 lae, margin dentat.- tiiiil.n,it.- i)rt.,Xciv. B.M. 4496. 

 B.R. 26-24. P.M. (;:i;j (all as CV//"y;/». WaUichiana). 



1850. Pleione preecox (X K) 



Lagen&ria, Lindl. & Paxt. Pseudotmll.s .-lnst.i-fd and 

 depressed, as in the other species, dull irir, n. in.iitled 

 with brown: fls. about 4 in. across, r.is. Iil-ir; -.-pals 

 and petals narrowly lanceolate; lalMllmu .■mii\ .ilute, 

 crisp on the margin, pale lilac, blutcbcd with yellow 

 and deep crimson in the throat and having several yel- 

 low crests. Aug.-Nov. Himalaya Mts. B.M. 5370. F.S. 

 23:2386. I.H. 14:510 (all as Cmlogyne Lagenarla). Gn. 

 51, p. 64. 



Beichenbachiina.T. Jloore. Pseudobulbs 5-8-grooved, 

 flask-shajM il liut Midcl.nly contracted at the top: scape 

 1-2 in. loiiir. .-losi-ty sli.-athed: sepals and petals linear- 

 oblong, pah- iiiii|iii- t.i white; labellum nearly white, 

 middle lobe white with few pale purple spots, with 3 

 crests; margin ciliate -toothed. Autumn. Rangoon. 



Heinrich Hasselbrixg. 



.M. 5753. 



PLEEdMA. See Tibourhina. 



PLEURISY ROOT is Asclepias tuberosa. 



PLEUROTHALLIS (Greek, lateral branch; referring 

 to the inflorescence, which arises from the axil of the 

 leaf). Orchiddcea. One of the largest of the genera of 

 orchids containing about 400 species, dispersed in the 

 region extending from Brazil and Bolivia to Mexico and 

 the West liidiis. On aroomit of th.ir sTiiall, inconspicu- 

 ous flowi-r- ilirse i.|:nit-i ;,r.- ,,f im. linrtictiltural value, 

 and not k'H'I'^IIv ciiltivaird. Strms rhistered on the 

 rhizome, sli.aihr,! with si'alrs ]<rU:\v ami bearing a 

 single leaf at tliu suimiiit: tls. in a uuddiug raceme from 

 the axil of the leaf; sepals free or the lateral ones 

 united at the base; petals smaller; labellum free, simi- 

 lar to the petals or 3-lobed; column short, without 

 lateral branches. 



PLUM 



Kcezlii, Reichb. f. Lvs. oblong-lanceoiate, 4-10 in. 

 long: flower-.stem often a little longer than the lvs.: fls. 

 purple-brown, in a one-sided raceme. Coiombia. 



om&ta, Reichb. f. A very small cespitose plant with 

 lvs. scarcely 1 in. long: fls. opening successively on 

 erect, zigzag racemes a few inches long, inconspicuous, 

 yellow with brown spots. B.M. 7094. -The plant is 

 easily distinguished by the sepals, which are fringed 

 with silvery pendulous hairs. 



HeINRHH HASSEl.HKINIi. 



PLUM. Plate XXX. It is pmhaldx m.;;- d.tli.nit to 

 give specific practical advice f-u- tin- manti::- m. nt ni ttic 

 Plum than for any other comuii'ii linit. 'Ihis i^ l..r:ni>t 

 the cultivated Plums represent s(-\t-ral di^iimt ^|.r,ns 

 which are not equally adapted to all parts ,,f tin- .-..uu- 

 try, and the same remarks will not applv to tlit-in all. 

 There is no country in which the doniesti.-at.cl IMum 

 flora is so complex as in Xorth Annrii a. f<.r we not 

 only grow tlf -[---iiir ■;],.- oi" T'iji.ij,, ; i,,i of Japan, 

 but also s|i. : ■ I- ! , ti i-ountry. 



In the nco-tlii . i . ! . . slope the 



European •>!■ 1 i.-iu, - j.. - .m- :,nnrj riums. In 



these same anas ao.i alsu ill lilt .-s,,!,!!, and in parts 

 ie I'lunis are 

 In the cold 



North, in the great interior basin, and also in most 

 parts of the South, various native types now consti- 

 tute the leading cultivated Plums. These native Plums 

 are developed from wild species of the country, and 

 they are unknown iu cultivation (except m botani- 

 cal or amateur collections) in any other part of the 

 world. These have been developed chiefly within a lialf 

 century, although a few varieties are older than this. 

 For a history of this evolution, see "Sketch of the Evo- 

 lution of our Native Fruits." 



The Plums cultivated in North America belong to the 

 following groups (see Pruiius): 



1. Domestica or European types, Primus dotnestica. 

 Native to western Asia. Comprises the common or old- 

 time Plums, such as Green Gage, Lombard, Bradshaw, 

 Yellow Egg, Damsons, and the like. The leading Plums 

 from Lake Michigan eastward and north of the Ohio, 

 and on the Pacific slope. Figs. 1851 to 1856 are of 

 this species. Of late years, hardy races of PrtitttiS 

 domestica have been introduced from Russia. These 

 have value for the colder parts of the plum growing 

 regions. Figs. 1853-5 show representative forms of the 

 Russian type. 



2. The Myrobalan or cherry-Plum type. Prinn)f c. inf- 

 ifera. Native to southeastern Eiir<i|M- nr s,,titli\v( stern 

 Asia. Much used for stocks u|"mi wliirh ti. Intd I'luius, 

 and also the parent of a few naim d \aririir^, as 

 Golden Cherry ; and DeCaradeuc and .Mariauna are 

 either offshoots of it or hybrids between it and one of 

 the native Plums. 



3. Japanese types, Primus triflora. Probably native 



both the South and North. This species first appeared 

 in this country in 1870, having been introduced into 

 California from Japan. For historical sketch, see Bull. 

 62, Cornell Exp. Sta. (1894); also Bull. 106 (1896). 



4. The Apricot or Simon Plum. Prinms Simonii. 

 Native to China. Widely dis.sfniiiiated in this country, 

 but little grown except in parts of (_'aliforiiia. Intro- 

 duced about 1881. 



5. The Americana types. Primus Americana. The 

 common wild Plum of the North, and extending west- 

 ward to the Rocky mountains and southward to the 

 Gulf and Texas. Admiral. ly adapted to climates too 

 .severe for the Domrsii:, rihin-, .i~ li:, I'iinisand the 

 upper Mississippi ^a: . -, , . i - ni] 38 for 

 an early account of il i ■ I ■ - J :_ ]<,7. 



6. The Wild Goes,- .-,■ 1 1^, i ,, i;,,,,i t,]M-. / ;„ „,(s Jiort- 

 ulaiia. A mongrel tv]ie ot i'iums, comprising such 

 kinds as Wild Goose, Wayland, Moreman, Miner and 

 Golden Beauty. These are no doubt hybrids of the 

 last and the next. 



7. The Chickasaw types, Pnmiis angitstifolia (or P. 

 CJiicasa). Native to the southern states, and there 

 cultivated (from southern Pennsylvania southwards) in 

 such varieties as Newman, Caddo Chief and Lone 



