10 Address. 



hundred and forty millions of dollars, now scattered broadcast to 

 provide for these workers their means of subsistence, were taken 

 away by the removal of this class of our population ; or its value. 

 and more, accumulated on our hands without market or outlet, if they 

 should engage in agricultural occupation. Surely then, for its suc- 

 cess, its stimulus, the agriculture of Massachusetts depends upon the 

 multiplication of our mechanical and manufacturing industries, and 

 the congregation upon our territory of a dense and thriving popula- 

 tion, who do not produce, but do require large quantities of agricul- 

 tural products. But this will appear more clearly when we come to 

 consider the capacity of our soil and the present circumstances of our 

 country. On the other hand, is it not equally to the advantage of 

 all other industries, that the productive farm and prosperous farmer 

 should exist side by side with the manufacturer and artisan ? Their 

 highest interest is, a near and ready market, with little, or cheap 

 transportation. Easy facilities to obtain the raw material of manu- 

 facture, and for the creation of their power, labor to operate their 

 machinery, and cheap and abundant supplies of every variety of food 

 f jr the laborers. The two classes are consumers of each others' pro- 

 ducts, and the nearer is their proximity, the less will it cost each in 

 transportation, and the profits of middlemen and speculators. 



Does Massachusetts to-day furnish these desirable facilities for 

 manufacturing? The 68.000 agricultural laborers of the state, with 

 their dependents, furnish but a partial market for the products of our 

 manufactories, though that class in our country are their leading 

 consumers. Of the raw material for manufacture we produce but 

 little. Water we have for power, but no coal for the production of 

 steam. Food for the operatives : we do not produce it. Their bread, 

 beef and pork, is furnished by the granaries and pastures of the west, 

 and many of their vegetables and fruits are not of home production. 

 To me, the wonderful success of our manufacturing industry in Mas- 

 sachusetts is an enigma. The ultimate market for much the largest 

 portion of their products is the West and South, and from those sec- 

 tions also come the greater part of their raw material, and the food 

 of the Avorkmen and their dependents, is to a very great extent trans- 

 ported here from the same quarter. The supplies of every kind 

 which go to make the aggregate cost of manufacturing, are, at the 



