514 



ECHINOCACTUS 



3 upper anil I! lowiT jmrplish brown and straightish (the 

 lower (.ins s.iinriiinrs i„„re or less hooked), four-fifths 

 to 1 in. loiiL', 111' _' li litiTals more slender, longer (1 to 

 one anil in" liiili- ihj. utten flattened, puberulent and 

 •whitish, s.iiiiitiiiirs il,.\u,iiis or hooked; central spines 

 4, pubenilciii. jvllmvisli (or purplish variegated), the 3 

 upper ones slender, flattened or subangled, erect and 

 generally straight (rarely hooked), one and three-fltths 

 to 2 in. long, the lowest one much stouter, flattened or 

 even channeled, straw-color, flexuous, more or less 

 hooked (sometimes straight), 2-4 in. long: flowers yel- 

 low, 2-3 in. long. Texas, Arizona, and northern Mexico. 



7. unoinitus, Gal. Glaucescent, globose to oblong: 

 ribs 13, obtuse, tuberculate-interrupted: radial spines 

 7 or 8, 1-2 in. long, the upper 4 or 5 straw-color, straight, 

 flattened, the lower 3 purplish, terete and hooked; cen- 

 trals 4. the upper 3 rather stout and straight, about 1 in. 

 long, the lowest one very long, flattened, hooked at 

 apex: flowers brownish purple. Northern Mexico. 



8. Whipple!, Engelm. Globose-ovate, 3-5 in. high, 

 2-1 iu. in diam.: ribs 1.3-15 (often oblique), compressed 

 and tuberculately interrupted: radial spines usually 7, 

 compressed, straight or slightly recurved, ^ to three- 

 fifths in. long, lower ones shorter than the others, all 

 white excepting the two darker lowest laterals; central 

 spines 4, widely divergent, the uppermost one flattened, 

 straight and white, 1 to one and three-fifths in. long, 

 turned upward in the plane of the radials (completing 

 the circle of radials), the others a little shorter, quad- 

 rangular-compressed, dark brown or black, becoming 

 reddish and finally ashy, the 2 laterals straight, the 

 lowest one stouter and sharply hooked downward: 

 flower greenish red. Northern Arizona. 



BBB. Central spines 5 to S. 



9. cornfgerus, DC. Glrfbose or depressed - globose. 

 10-16 in. in diam.: ribs about 21, very acute and wavy 

 (not tuberculately interrupted): radial spines G-IO, 

 white and comparatively slender, or wanting; centrals 

 red and very robust, angular-compressed, with long, 

 sharp, horny tips, the upper 3 erect-spreading, 1-1!^ in. 

 long, the lower 2 weaker and declined, the central one 

 longer, more rigid and keeled, very broad (one-fifth to 

 one-third in.) and hooked downward: flowers purple, 

 1-1 >^ in. long. Mexico and Central America. 



10. polyancistrus, Engelm. & Bigel. Ovate or at 

 length subcylindric, becoming 4-10 in. high and 3^ in. 

 in diam.: ribs ]:i-l 7, obtuse, tuberculately interrupted; 

 radial spines 'li) or more, compressed and white, the up- 

 permost wiintiiiLr. till- 4 upper ones broader and longer 

 (1-2 in.) ami (lii-,k\ ii|i|.iHl, the laterals shorter (four- 

 fifths to mil ml. 111.' i.iwest very short (Hin.) and sub- 

 setaceou-; (nmal ^pims of several furnis, the upper- 

 most oin- ■ rn .- a ..-!,! -iiMii ir liiit -■,,, all,. 1- ,,111- above 

 or besiili ■ -I .; - ■ ^' ■ ■■ - angular. . l.aiLMiial I3-.5 



5-io'tenli-!i i.riii.aiiL-ail, lai.:ht (.uri.l.-linnvii ; upper 

 ones long (^-4 m. ) and mnstly straight, the others gradu- 

 ally shortening (to about 1 iu.) downward and sharply 

 hooked: flowers red or yellow, 2 to two and two-fifths 

 in. long and wide. Nevada and southeastern California. 

 A\ .<^/w-„- • ,..-.' hnnked. 

 u. C'(«'. ' , ' "r indistinct. 



11. Monvlllii, I. I M ;' 1 Lose and bright green: 

 ribs 13-17, tubrmilai- , lai'a.ti-t inward the base, undu- 

 late; tubercles somewhat hexagonal, strongly dilated 

 below: radial spines y-12, the lower ones somewhat 

 longer, very stout, spreading, yellowish translucent, 

 reddish at base; central wanting: flowers varying from 

 white to yellow and red. Paraguay. 



12. Pfelfteri, Zucc. Oblong-globose, becoming 1-2 ft. 

 high and 1 ft. in diam.: ribs 11-13, compressed and 

 somewhat acute: spines G, about equal, rigid, straight, 

 divergent or erect, pale transparent yellow with a 

 brownish base; very rarely a solitary central spine. 

 Mexico. 



13. copton6gronus, Lem.,var. major, Salm-Dyck. De- 

 pressed, from a large indurated naked napiform base, 

 2-4 in. across the top: ribs 10-15, acute from a broad base, 

 more or less transversely interrupted and sinuous : 

 spines 3, annulate, very stout and erect from deeply 

 sunken areoiSB, reddish when young, becoming ashy 



ECHINOCACTUS 



gray; upper spine stoutest, erect and straight, or 

 slightly curved upward, flattened and keekd. and occa- 

 sionally twisted, VA-V/i in. long; the two laterals erect- 

 divergent, straight or slightly curved, terete above and 

 somewhat quadrangular below, 1-lJ^ iu. long; all from 

 an abruptly enlarged base: flowers not seen, but said 

 to be small and white, with purpli-sh median lines. 

 Mexico. 



14. multicOBtiltus.Hildmann. Depressed-globose: ribs 

 very numerous, 90 to 120, compressed iiiti, tliin iitart's 

 which run vertically or are twisted iu • ^| r , iKn. lam: 

 spines exceedingly variable, in some e a . . n- 

 tirely, in others 3 or 4, short, rigid, aial .1 

 low; in others more numerous, larger, ami liti. II iliii-li; 

 in still other cases very long and flat, interlacing alt over 

 the plant; no centrals: flower white, with a broad pur- 

 ple stripe. 



15. capric6mis, A. Dietr. Globose: ribs about 11, 

 broad, spotted all over with white dots : clusters of 

 spines distant, usually seen only near the apex; spines 

 5-10, long and flexuous; centrals not distinct: flowers 

 large, yellow. Mexico. 



16. BinconSnsis, Poselg. Cylindrical, covered with 

 ivory white spines which are tipped with crimson; spines 

 3, with no centrals: flower large, purple-crimson, darker 

 at base. Northern Mexico. 



17. phyllacSnthus, Mart. From globose to cylindrical, 

 with depressed vertex, simple or proliferous, two and 

 one-third to three and three-fifths in. broad: ribs 40-55 

 (sometimes as few as 30), very much crowded and cora- 



iuterruptc'il : radial s|iim.s :, \ soui.ninies i; .n- Ti, strai!.'lit 

 and spreadinLT. the 'Z li.west .mi.s wlnie, rii:i-l, nui-sixih 

 to one-fourth in. Iiiu^'. lialf as li.n:; as the :; darker. 



broad, channeled above, faintly annulate, flexible, gray- 

 ish pink, three-fifths to 1 in. long; central spines none: 

 flowers small, dirty white. Mexico. 



BB. Central spine solitary (sometimes 2-4 in E. cris- 

 )nitHA, helophorus, and tietispinux, or wanting in 

 lophothele). 



c. mtjs less than IS. 

 IS' l(>iicaci5iithiis, Zui'i'. Somewhat clavate-cylindrical, 

 pal' ' '■ - ii'iii-i . I iii-e, strongly tuberculate, the 

 an I _ radial spines 7 or 8, similar, 



si] I I 1 . , at first yellowish, at length 



while a 111 1 al |.im ..liiary, more or less erect, rarely 

 wanting: flowers light yellow. Mexico. 



19. omiltuB, DC. (E. MirMlli, Lem.). Subglobose: 

 ribs 8, broad, compressed, vertical, thickly covered with 

 close-set white woolly spots, making the whole plant 

 almost white: radial spines 7, straight, stout, yellowish 

 or becoming gray ; central spine solitary. Mexico. 



20. Ingens, Zucc. (E. Visnliga, 'Koo^.). Very large 

 (sometimes as much as 10 ft. high and as much in cir- 

 cumference ) , globose or oblong, purplish toward the top : 

 ribs 8, obtuse, tubercnlate: areolae large, distant, with 

 very copious yellowish wool: radial spines 8 or more; 

 central spine solitary; all the spines shaded yellow and 

 red or brownish, straight, rigid, and interwoven: flow- 

 ers bright yellow, about 3 in. broad. Mexico. 



21. horizonthaldnius, Lem. Glaucous, depressed-glo- 

 bose or at length ovate or even cylindric with age. 2-8 

 in. high, iV^-i in. in iliam,: lil.- s_]il fi uer ih iery 

 young specimens), ol : " - ' ■ ■ : , ' i h s 

 scarcely distinct by n i . -: 



spines 6-9, stout, cmmi.i . --. .i, i. m,,- a aj ~,i> I. 



recurved or sometiun.- aiiuu-t .stiait^lit, maiiv i .|ual, 

 four-fifths to 1)^ in. lung (sometimes long ami slender 

 and almost terete, sometimes short, stout and broad); 

 radials 5-8, upper ones weaker, lowest wanting; a single 

 stouter decurved central (sometimes wanting): flowers 

 pale rose-purple, 2X in. long or more. New Mexico and 

 northern Mexico. 



cc. Mils 1S-S7. 



22. electracinthus, Lem. Globose or thick cylindrical, 

 becoming 2 ft. high and 1 ft. in diam.: ribs about 15; 

 radial spines about 8, equal, rigid, spreading, yellowish, 

 about 1 in. long; the central one solitary, red at base: 

 flowers clear yellow. Mexico. 



