ERTNGIUM 



ng-rooms. The plants mostly grow from 2-3 

 ft. high and head out in July and Sep. J. B. Keller ad- 



up in 



light soil and sunny situation. £. amethystinum 

 is probably the favorite. Meehan says that E. planum 

 is much visited by bees. The weak point of Eryngiums 

 is that they are slow to recover fn.m llu- sbo.-k uf divi- 

 sion. This makes it difficult to w..rk n|. a ^t.„k at home 

 sufficient to make an effective group. I). 1). \\;ir, in his 

 garden monogrnph of the group, do. 4i;. ].. .vj:;, says that 



"Sow the seed 

 a coldframe. 

 and if properl\ 

 following year, 

 less showy and 



iiore rigid and 

 heads ovate. 



■•!.-.■ till- Sea Ilullics i.s by seed. 



- .is gathered, and place in 



I ! L-. rniinate in the spring, 

 : I I" ready to plant out the 

 ^1 ili.it many of the species are 

 jry here than in England. 

 A. Li'S. divided into radiating segments. 

 B. Bracts longer than the heads. 

 c. Number of bracts 10-20. 

 1). Moot-lvs. deeply notched at the base and merely 

 toothed at the margin. 



1. alplnum, Linn. Bracts 10-20, a little longer than the 

 oblong heads. Alps. R.H. 1876, p. 113. B.M. 922. Wn. 

 46:993.— There is a white variety. 



DD. Rooi-lvs. less deeply notched at the base, elsewhere 

 more dissected. 



2. Oliverijlnum, Laroch. Bracts 10-12, i 

 fewer-toothed than in E. alpinum : 

 Orient. Gn. 45, p. 223. 



CC. JViimber of bracts 6-9. 

 D. Soot-lvs. deeply cut. 



3. ameth^Btinum, Linn. Fig. 776. Root-lvs. pinnatifid : 

 bracts 7-8, few-toothed at the base, much longer than 

 the globose heads. Eu. Gn. 46, p. 522, and 55, p. 454. £. 

 calestinum, a trade name unknown to our botanies, is 

 the same thing, according to J. B. Keller. 



DD. Eoot-lvs. merely crenate-dentate. 



4. gigant^um, Bieb. Root-lvs. deeplv cordate: bracts 

 8-9: head ovate. Armenia. Gn. 46, p. 523. 



BB. Bracts as long as or shorter than the heads, 

 c. Upper stem-lvs. 5-parted. 



5. planum, Linn. Middle stem-lvs. stalkless, undi- 

 vided; bracts 6-7: head rotund. Eu., N. Asia. 



CC. Cpper stem-lfs. about S-parted. 



6. L6avenworthii, Torr. & Gray. Height 1-3 ft. : stem- 

 lvs. stalkless, somewhat clasping : heads ovoid-oblong. 

 Kans. to Tex., Mex. B.B. 2:522. 



AA. Lvs. undivided, long and linear. 



7. aquAticum, Linn. (A'. )/«cc(EW;;Km,Michx.). Height 

 2-6 ft.: stem striate, unbranched or branched above: 

 lvs. mostly clasping, finely parallel-veined, lower some- 

 times 3 ft. long, i% in. wide, all bristly margined: 

 heads globose-ovoid. U. S. B.R. 5:372. ^_ jj 



In No. 1 the involucre 

 is a deeper blue than 

 in Nos. 2-5 ; in No. 7 the 

 involucre is not colored 

 and the fls. are white 

 or pale. No. 1 needs 

 f'; deep soil and partial 



species. 2-3 ft.; 3-5, 

 •2-Zyi ; 3-4, 3-t. 



F. W. Barclay. 



EBtSIMUH (possi- 

 nly means blister-draw- 

 ing). Cruclferw. Of 

 this big genus we cul- 

 tivate two brilliant 

 yellow and orange, 

 spring- and summer- 

 blooming, hardy "an- 

 nuals," scarcely, if at 



ERYSIMUM 



ic true wallflowers (Cheiranthus) for 



, and two lower-growing and perhaps 



iMik [garden plants. The genus has 



lilt tinial and perennial herbs, with 



si-,1, i.>-i.arted hairs: lvs. narrow, linear 



or variously toothed: fls. orange or 



How, rarely purple, often fragrant; petals 4: style 



persistent. 



Although the two most popular kinds are biennials, 

 the gardeners think of them as annuals. Their seeds can 



all, infei 

 general ] 

 earlier-bl 

 70-100 s| 

 long, sof 1 



778. Erysi 



asperum (XK). 



be sown in the fall and produce earlier bloom than if 

 sown in spring. Fig. 777 shows the last flowers open at 

 the top of the pyramid, while the seed pods are swelling 

 below. 



The rockery kinds, J. B. Keller writes, do well also in 

 the front row of the border and on dry banks. They like 

 full exposure to sunlight, and in the spring months are 

 completely covered with bright flowers. Divided plants 

 only, not seeds, are offered by American dealers. In 

 Gn. 24, p. 462, it is said that E. ochroleucum on level 

 ground is likely to lose its lower lvs. and to perish on 

 heavy soils in hard winters. It thrives best when fre- 

 quently divided, and may be prop, by cuttings. 

 A. P/n»/.< biennial: height 1.1-18 in. 

 B. Fls. yellow. 



Asperum, DC. (E. ArkansAnum, Nutt.). Figs. 777, 

 778. Heightl-Sft. in the wild, 12-18 in. in gardens: lvs. 

 dentate or entire, upper ones mostly entire; fls. ^ in. 

 across: pods rough, 1)^-4 in. long, 4-sided, nearly erect. 

 U. S. E. Arkansanum is merely a western and broader- 

 leaved form. B.B. 2:152. 



BB Eh orange 



Ferofski&niun, Fisch &. Mev Pods shorti r than m 

 the above, and standmg out more nt IT h itnulit iii^des, 

 not so stiff and straight, (.unst 1 1 tt 1 1 1 w tin nni wer 

 style. Caucasus, Afghanis! i I M I M i .i'l 



— There are strains of set (1 s 11 Nil in \i iiifu\ 

 &Co..from compi,taii.ld« ul ,1 Mss„, 1,1,1, 1 , tdg 

 in„- /.. /■ • , , K I ^2 101 E nanum 



, / ] \ n E compactum au- 



A ,, /•,,-■ , - , /;/ woolly 4-6 in rock- 



ga.ihn phuits 



rup6stre, DC. {E. pulchillum, 3. Gaj) Stem rather 

 woody at base: lvs. somewhat dentate; stem-lvs. oblong, 

 the hairs short, dense, 2-3-parted. Asia Minor. R.H. 



