550 



ESCHSCHOLZIA 



fl. saucer-shaped, opening in sunshine, 2-3 in. across, 

 yellow or orange or cream-colored : pod 3-1 in. long, 

 strong-ribbed : torus large and fiinnel-shape. Calif, 

 and Ore., mostly along the coast. B.M. 2887. B.R. 

 14:1168. R.H. 1894, p. 381.- One of the most popular 

 garden fls. It is treated as a hardy annual. Seeds may 

 be sown very early. It stands considerable cold, and 

 blooms after the first frosts. If well protected, plants 

 of one season's growth will pass the winter and give 

 some bloom the following spring. It sometimes self- 

 sows. Very attractive as an edging, because of Its in- 

 teresting bluish foliage. There are double-fld. forms. 

 Very variable, and cult, under a variety of names, as 

 C. maritima, Hort. (not Greene), C vilria, Hort. (trade 

 name for mixed varieties), C. aurantlaca, Hort., and 

 C. alba, Hort. The so-called white varieties are not yet 

 pure white. Do not bear transplanting well. 



Var. crAcea, Hort. {-E. crdcea, Benth.). Fls. deep 

 orange: torus very widely expanded: calyx bud long- 

 attenuate. B.R. 20:1677. B.M. 3495. 



Var. Doiglasii, Gray (E. Douglasii, Benth.). Rather 

 more slender, and blooms earlier: fls. pure yellow. 



tenuifdlia, Hook. Lower, with finer-cut and denser 

 foliage, the long divisions being almost capillary: fls. 

 small (1 in. across), light yellow, overtopping the Ivs.: 

 torus less prominent. Calif. B.M. 4812. l_ jj. B. 



ESTBAGON. Artemisia Dracu 



'.ilus. 



EVC&L'iVTVS (Greek, eu, well; kahjpto, to cover as 

 with a lid : the calyx lirab covering the flower before 

 anthesis, then falling off in the form of a lid or cover). 

 Myrticea. Gum Tree. Mostly trees, frequently of im- 

 mense size; a few of the alpine and sub-alpine species 

 shrubby: Ivs. simple, entire (Fig. 781), in the seed- 

 lings and young shoots of many species horizontal, op- 

 posite, sessile and cordate; in the adult mostly vertical 

 (occasionally horizontal), alternate, petiolate and vary- 

 ing from broadly ovate to lanceolate-acuminate and fal- 

 cate, thick or thin, always rigid, penniveined, glabrous. 



781. Eucalyptus Globulus (Xj^). 

 Shoots ou a yoiinfi: plant. 



except rarely in the young shoots, sometimes covered 

 with a glaucous wax : umbels solitary and axillary or 

 paniculate, near the ends of the branchlets, usually 

 white: fls. in umbels of 3 to many, rarely solitary ; ca- 

 lyx tube obconical campanulate or oblong, adnate to the 

 ovary at the base ; lobes connate, forming a lid which 

 separates by a circumscissile dehiscence; petals wanting 



EUCALYPTUS 



(or adnate to the calyx-lid) ; stamens numerous, in 

 many rows, usually free, frequently inflexed in bud; 

 anthers small, mostly distinctly longer than broad and 

 openinf; I.y |.:ii;ill>l f .n jitudinal slits, often almost kid- 

 ney-sha|M i! , .: ,. I>y divergent longitudinal slits, 

 ortinincat- , ' l.y terminal pores ; style undi- 

 vided: (r I . . I ■ iiiiig at the top by 3-6 valves; 



seeds nuiiit-i'-'u>. in.-.>Ll_, angular, only a few fertile. 

 For structure of fruit aud calyptra, see Figs. 782-788. 

 A genus of about 140 species, all Australasian, except- 

 ing perhaps 5 found in the East Indies. Valuable hard- 

 wood trees, mostly of rapid growth : the timber is ex- 

 ceedingly durable and largely used in Australia by ship- 

 builders, railroad engineers, implement makers, and for 

 building purposes. Felling fortimber should be eftected 

 towards the end of the dry sras.m, when the flow of the 

 sap is least active. Rin.' I.:ii lin-. if necessary, should 

 be performed duD; ' - i nt of the cool, or the 



earlier part of tin i. that by largely ex- 



hausting the sap.ili' ;. < I .1 iM new shoots will rise 

 from the r<"it 'Mn' i I' i''s ,.f „ianv species 

 contain a \ i- .1 ', . -: which is dis- 



tilled for i.i : ■:. : ■ . M i ,,; ... 1 ' ■ I .Mk of .several 

 species yi. L; - . i . .■ I .. ...i : .| - . uniin in com- 

 mercial .(iKiiiMi h -. ..II .■I.T..HI.I .1 ...In.li the name of 

 Gum Trees is applied to the ijemis. A\ Globulus has 

 been very widely distributed over the globe throtigh the 

 persevering efforts of the late Baron Von Mueller; it is 

 frequently planted in the malarial regions of warm cli- 

 mates, as at the Campagna at Rome, with very benefi- 

 cial effect. (Sanitarians will be interested in "Eucalyp- 

 tus in Algeria and Tunisia, from an hygienic and cli- 

 matological point of view." by Dr. Edward Pepper, 

 Proc. Amer. Phil. S...'. M-?:"!-,".!;. i (n England the same 

 species is grown iM' i -iv' ! !..i Militropical gardening, 

 onaccountofits.il _:. i. us hue and symmet- 



rical growth, but ii, i; ii.-eds the protection 



of glass in wuitir. i;i,i i. a -y ■■i.-a are really hardy; 

 most of them, however, can be grown successfully in 

 California and countries enjoying a similar climate. 



For ready determination of species in this critical ge- 

 nus, it is necessary to have adult leaves, mature buds, 

 flowers, and mature fruit : immature fruits are often 

 very misleading. Monographed in part by Baron von 

 Mueller in his Eucalvptographia (cited here as F.v. M. 

 Eucal.), in which lOO" species are carefully illustrated. 

 Bentham describes 135 species (almost the whole ge- 

 nus) in his Flora Australieii-is, \-,,|, :y Tlie following 



key has been adapted fi I.m liiiniiin ^ Diehotomous 



Key, published in 1898: the i!. ^iiipiien- liave been sum- 

 marized from the Eucalypte-rapliia, aiel subsequently 

 verified by reference to herbarium specimens wherever 

 these were available. References to Hook. Icon, mean 

 Hooker's Icones Plantarum. 



Culture in the Hast: Eucalypti are most easily raised 

 from seeds, which generally germinate freely. These 

 should be sown thinly in pots or pans of light, sandy 

 soil, and placed in a little heat. E. Globulus, when in- 

 tended to be used for subtropical bedding or for a group 

 on a lawn, is best sown in August and grown on through 

 the winter, for use the following season. In this way 

 much larger and better plants may be obtained than 

 when sowing is deferred to the spring. It is beet to 

 raise new plants each year, as lifted specimens do not 

 regain their beauty of the preceding season. Being 

 fast-growing plants, considerable space must be al- 

 lowed when they become established, either in the open 

 ground or in pots. A rather rich soil, composed of loam 

 and decayed manure, with the addition of some char, 

 coal, to keep it open, is most suitable. E. maculata, var- 

 citriodora, is very useful for growing in pots in the con- 

 servatory, its lemon-scented leaves rendering it a gen- 

 eral favorite (Nicholson). 



Culture in the South : The process of raising Euea- 

 lypts is one of extreme simplicity. Well-ripened seeds, 

 shallowly sown (on open nursery ground, or, should the 

 sf". ie- V.,* a rare .,r seleet nne. in wood boxes or seed 



]:. r. iimrklv: ^vll. II about hand-high the 



. .; I.I- tT.,iii~]ilaiiii il in the nursery, to 

 I ]i. . ,, : ,,. e.. ., :, .. .1] .( uaii\\ ill ef the roots and to promote 

 tliu iuriiiaiiuii ui: Literal ruotlets, lit to retain some soil 

 while moving such seedlings to places of permanency. 

 The operation of transplanting should be carried out in 



