650 



GLAUCIUM 



xS^ 



ennials a few of which are grown for their large poppy- 

 like fls. and glaucous-blue foliage. Sepals 2: petals 4: 

 stamens many: ovary with 2 (rarely 3) cells, the stigmas 

 miter-shaped, the fruit becoming a long silique-like 

 capsule: Ivs. alternate, lobert or 

 dissected. Glauciums are low, 

 branchy herbs, often somewhat 

 succuk-nt.with large fls., mostly 

 yellow or orauge, but varying 

 to red and purple. The fls. are 

 usually short-lived, but they are 

 borne "in rapid succession. They 

 are well adapted for foliage ef- 

 fects in borders or edgings. Of 

 easy culture in any good soil. 

 They prefer an open, sunny 

 situation. Mostly prop, by seed, 

 but the perennial kinds by di- 

 vision; however, the perennials 

 „,^ „, . ,„„„„ are short-lived, and usually had 

 915. Glaucmm luteum. ^^^^^ ^^ ^_.^^^^'^, ^^ biennials; 



they should be grown from seed. 



lilteum.Scop. (G.«<ii-«m,DC.). Figs. 915,916. Stems 

 stout, 1-2 ft., pubescent : radical Ivs. 2-piimate and 

 hairy, the upper clasping and sinuate-pinnatifid : fls. 

 generally solitary, on long stems, 2-3 in. across, yellow 

 or orange. Eu. -Sparingly naturalized E. Perennial or 

 biennial; sometimes grown as an annual. 



coraicuiatum, Curt. (G. phcenlceum, Gaert. G. ru- 

 briim, Hort.). Lower: radical Ivs. pinnatifid, pubescent 

 the upper ones sessile and truncate at the base: fls. red 

 or purplish, with a black spot at the base of each petal. 

 Euf-Mostly annual. G. Pischeri, Hort., is probably a 

 form of this. h H. B. 



GLAZI6VA. See Cocos insignis 

 GLfiCHOMA. See Nepeta. 



GLEDlTSCHIA (after Gottlieb Gleditsch, director of 

 the botanic garden at Berlin; died 1780). Syn Gledit- 

 sia. Leguminbsa. Honey Locust. Ornamental decid- 

 uous trees, often with large branched spines on trunk 

 and branches : branches spreading, forming a broad 

 graceful rather loose head, with finely pinnate foliage, 

 generally light green and turning clear yellow m fall: 

 the greenish fls. appearing in racemes early in summer 

 are inconspicuous, but the large, flat pods are ornamen- 



916, Glaucium luteum (X}^). 



tal and the fertile tree is therefore to be preferred 

 for planting. G. Iriacanthos is a useful native. G. 

 Japonica anil G. ferox are almost hardy North. They 

 are very valuable trees for park planting and for ave- 

 nues, and make almost impenetrable hedges if planted 

 thickly and pruned severely. The coarse-grained wood 

 is durable and strong. The pulp of the pods of (,. Iri- 

 acanthos is sweet when fresh, hence the name Honey 

 Locust, but becomes bitter at length ; in Japan it has 

 been used as a substitute for soap. The Gleditschias are 

 of vigorous growth and thrive in almost any soil. Prop. 



GLEDlTSCHIA 



by seeds sown in spring about 1 in. deep, they should be 

 soaked in hot water before being sown: varieties and 

 rare kinds are sometimes grafted on seedlings of G. M- 

 acaitthos in spring. About 10 species in N. America, 

 Asia and Africa. Lvs. alternate, abruptly pinnate, often 

 partlv bipinnate on the same leaf, or wholly bipinnate, 

 both usually on the same tree : fls. polygamous ; calyx 

 lobes and petals 3-5, stamens (3-10 : pod compressed, 

 mostly large and indehiscent, 1-many-seeded. 

 A. Pod thin- walled: lvs. pinnate icith more than 



U Ifts., or hiplnnate. 

 tiiacdnthos, Linn. Honey or Sweet Locust. Thbee- 

 THORNED ACACIA. Fig. 917. Tree, 70-140 ft , usually 

 with stout simple or branched spines 3^ in. long: lvs. 

 G-8 in. long, with pubescent grooved rachis ; pinnate 

 with 20-30 Ifts., bipinnate with 8-14 pinniB; Ifts. oblong- 

 lanceolate, remotely crenulate-serrate, %-lK m. long: 

 fls. very short-pedicelled in lJ^-3 in. long, narrow ra- 

 cemes: pod 12-18 in. long, 

 slightly falcate and twisted 

 at length. May, June. From 

 Pa. south to Miss., west to 

 Neb. and Tex. S. S. 3:125 

 120. — Var. inSnuiB, DC. In 

 armed or nearly so, of sonit 

 what more slender and looser 

 habit. Var. Bujoti, Hort 

 (6. Bujdti pindula, Hort ) 

 With slender, pendulous 

 branches and narrower lft=. 

 Japdnica, Miq. Tree, GO- 

 ft., with somewhat con 

 pressed, often branched 

 spines, 2-4 in. long: lvs. 10- 

 12 in. long.with grooved and 

 slightly winged, puberulous 

 rachis, pinnate with 10-24 

 Ifts., bipinnate with 8-1- 

 pinnse; Ifts. ovate to oblong 

 nearly lanceolate, obtuse, 

 entire or remotely crenulate, 

 lustrous above, ?4-2 in. long 

 fls. short-pedicelled, in slen 

 der racemes: pod 10-12 m. 

 long, twisted. buUate, v.-ith 

 the seeds near the middle; 

 pulp acid. Japan, China. 

 G.F. 0:105. -Var. purpiirea, 

 RehA.(G. Sinhisis, v&r. pur- 

 purea , hoMA. G. cocc («<•«, Hort. G. Sinensis, \-3.r. ori- 

 enfAlis Hort.). Lfts. broadly oval to oblong-oval, obtuse 

 or emarginate, M-IK in. on the pinnate, smaller on the 

 bipinnate lvs. 



Utox, Desf. Tree, with compressed, large, usually 

 branched spines: lvs. with grooved, almost glabrous 

 rachis. usually bipinnate; pinna> 6-10, with many lfts. ; 

 lfi< .,\ ;ite-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute, minutely and 

 ,.,,H,t,u crenulate, >^-lK in. long. China. Often cult. 

 uiil. I the name G.macracantha, Sinensis v&T. Japonica 

 ;um1 iKfi-rida and usually referred to G. Sinensis, ^nt 

 seems more closely allied to G. Japonica. Var. nina, 

 Hort., is a shrubby, often less spiny form. 

 AA. Pod thick ■ walled: lvs. pinnate, n'ith 4-12 lfts., 

 rarely bipinnate. 

 Sinfinais, Lam. Tree, to 40ft., with stout conical often 

 branched spines: lvs. 5-7 In. long, with grooved pubes- 

 cent rachis, and 8-18 lfts.; lfts. ovate or oblong-ovate, 

 obtuse or acute, crenulate-serrate, reticulate beneath, 

 %-2 in long: fls. distinctly pedicelled, in slender ra- 

 cemes:' pod almost straight, thick, 4-7 in. long, 1-154 in. 



.Mill., 

 .with 

 spines: lvs. pinnate, wiui i-'ic uvai^-uOlong, 

 , or bipinnate, with C-8 ninna-: pod tbin eUip- 

 seeded 1-2 in. long. From Carolin.-i south, west to Texas. 

 ,.,.,7_og_G. auslralis. Hemsl. Tree with largo spines: 



G. a9«<i(t<:o. Marsh. (G.monospenna,W.ilt G 



lot Linn.). Watee or Swamp Loci-st. Ivee. 



stly • =--- ' ■•■""*° "•"'• '■-'•' 



coriaceous w.iUs. 4-5 in. 

 Allied to G. triacanthos. 

 late lfts., 

 long.— G. 



Caspiea. Desf. 

 te with 12-20 ovate, crenu- 

 e; pod thin, pulpy. to 12 in. 

 nacracantha.— O. horrida 



