004 GLYCYRRHIZA 



The roots of Glycyrrhiza, a native of southern Eu- 

 rope and central Asia, are used extensively by drug- 

 gists; in America by brewers anil manufacturers of 



and a half 



million dollars' worth in 1899— is derived mainly from 

 Spain, Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Russia (Transcauca- 

 sia), the roots from Spain and Italy being considered 

 best, and those from Turkey poorest on account of their 

 bitterness. The soil for Licorice must be deep, mellow, 

 moist, rich and free from stones. Plants are usually set 

 in rows, 3 ft. or more apart, and not less than 1 ft. asun- 

 der. After the plants have covered the ground, they 

 are allowed to shift for themselves for 3 or 4 years. 

 Harvesting is primitive, the roots being exposed by the 

 plow and pulled by hand. Large quantities of roots are 

 thus left to produce a succeeding crop or to overrun the 

 field as weeds. One ton to the acre is considered a fair 

 yield; 1.6 cents a pound an average price. In America 

 the only fields worthy the name are in California, where 

 Licorice is not considered very paying. Experiment and 

 experience with it are, however, but little more than 

 begun. jl. G. Kains. 



GLYPT0STR6BUS. See Tarodium. 



GMfiLINA (after one of five distinguished German 

 botanists nameil (inielin). Verben&eeae. Eight species 

 of E. Asiatic and N. Australian trees and shrubs, bear- 

 ing yellow or brownish irregular fls. sometimes nearly 

 2 in. across. A very few plants may be cult, in Euro- 

 pean warrahouses, and in America only in S. Fla. and 

 S. Calif, outdoors. The genus produces a fancy timber 

 similar to teak, which is a product of the same order. 

 Vitex and Clerodendron are better known congeners. 

 Spiny or not: shoots tomentose: Ivs. opposite, entire, 

 toothed or lobed: fls. in panicled cymes, tomentose at 

 least while young; corolla tube slender below: limb ob- 

 lique, 5- or 4- lobed; stamens 4, didynamous. 



A. Lvs. becoming 9 in. long, 6 in. uide. 



arbdrea, Roxb. (<?. i?7ieedii. Hook.). Unarmed tree, 

 sometimes attaining 60 ft., deciduous, flowering with the 

 young lvs.: lvs. .cordate-ovate. India, Malaya. B.M. 

 4395. Cult, only in S. Calif, by Franceschi, who keeps 

 O. Rheedii separate. 



AA. Lvs. K-iK in. long. 



Asi&tica, Linn. {G. parvifldra, Pers., a typographical 

 error for G. parvifdlia, Roxh.). Shrubby, sometimes 

 spinescent: lvs. ovate or obovate, entire or lobed. In- 

 dia, Ceylon. 



GNAPHALIUM. See Leonlopodium and HeVuhnj- 

 sum. There are various native Gnaphaliums, but they 

 are not in cultivation. G. lanaliim of gardeners is He- 

 lichryffirm petialatum. 



GOAT'S BEARD is usually Spirma Aruncus; also the 

 genus Tragopogou. to which the Salsify or Oyster Plant 

 .belongs. 



GOAT'S FOOT. Oxalis Caprina. 



GOATS RUE. See GaUga. 



GOBO. See Burdock. 



GCETHEA. See Pfivoniii. 



GODETIA. Included in (Enothera. 



GOLDEN CHAIN. Laburnum vulgare. 



GOLDEN CLUB. Omnlium. 



GOLDEN FEATHER. See 

 ioidt'S. 



GOLDENROD. Solidago. 

 GOLDEN SEAL. Hydrasti 

 GOLD FERN. Gymnogramt 



GOLDFUSSIA. 



GOLD THREAD. Coptis trifolia. 

 GOMBO, Guiiibo. or Okra. See Hibi. 



cuUnlus 



GOMPHRfiNA (name suggested by Gromphrtena, 

 Pliny's name for some Amaranth, supposed to be de- 

 rived from grapho, to write or paint; alluding to the 

 highly colored or "painted" foliage). Amarant(}cece. 

 This genus includes the Globe Amaranth, a common 

 everlasting flower of easy culture. It is also known as 

 Bachelor's Button, though two other utterly distinct 

 plants [Centaurea Cyanus and Ranunculus acris) have 

 the same popular name. The flower-heads are an inch 

 or less in diameter, globose, of many <'..l..r>.. nii'l .-hif-fly 

 remarkable for the showy bracts, w 1. nK inl. lii^ true 

 flowers. In a family remarkable fur I.I u: _ ihis 



genus seems to be the only one vain- ' i i i iinL,'s, 



Nearly all the other everlasting t\<:\v r- ..| iiiii,..i tance 

 belong to the Compositae. Gomphrena lias ahiiiit 7n spe- 

 cies, mostly in the warmer parts of America and Aus- 

 tralia, but the Globe Amaranth is widely dispersed 

 throughout the tropics. Herbs erect or prostrate, pu- 

 bescent to villous, with or without a leafy involucre: 

 fls. short or long, white or colored: bracts short or long, 

 concave, and keeled, wnnged or crested on the back. For 

 culture, see Anmcals and Everlasting Flowers. 



globdsa, Linn. Globe Amaranth. Bachelor's But- 

 ton. Height 18 in. or less: lvs. elliptic to obovate, the 

 largest 4 In. long, IV^ in. wide, tapering to a petiole. 

 July. B.M. 2815. R.H. 1890, p. 522. F.R. 1:333. The 

 followins names of horticultural varieties indicate the 

 raiiiri- of .mI.t : vars. Alba, aiirea, carnea, nana com- 

 pacta I ^ alba I , purpdrea, striata, violicea. Dwarf ami 

 (■niii|.arf f..riii- an- likely to be associatc.l wiili .my cnliir. 

 Theft' is a narrnw-leaved form of this sju-cies which 

 Voss calls G. Haageana, Kl. (&'. auranlidca, Hort. G. 

 cocclnea, Decne.), which has lanceolate lvs., often 6 

 times as long as broad. The lvs. are rarely J4 in. wide. 

 R.H. 1854:161. All are easily grown annuals. 



a.gnaphaUo\des.Y!).h\. See Pfaffia. W. M. 



60NANIA is a tvpographical error in some nursery 

 catalogues for Gounnia. 



GONGORA (after Don Antonio Caballero y Gongora, 

 Bishop of Cordova). Includes ^cropera. Orchidicea, 

 tribe I'lindew, subtribe Cyrtopodiece. A small genus 

 (if plants wit)i curious spotted Hs., not common in cul- 

 1I-. ill lull, ami I if 111 ill' \ :,lii. I \--i I it for collections. Dis- 

 ui _ i: ' . i ! 11 i'. ' I ' I" rs of the subtribe by 



I" I J -il sepal adnate to the 



. '1.1 11 hill, : ■. II - iii.iiiv ii'i, 1 .11- me. Dorsal sepal erect, 



>liria.iiiiK. iliu> apijeuiiiui to .-pniig from the base of the 

 column; lateral sepals spreading or reflexed from the 

 base of the column, wider ; petals small, adnate to the 

 base of the column; labellum continuous with the col- 

 umn, narrow and fleshy, with 2 thick lateral homed or 

 aristulate lobes, and a central one which is saccate or 

 even folded, forming a vertical plate : column erect 

 or ascending, not winged: pseudobulbs sulcate, sheathed, 

 bearing 1 or 2 large, plicate lvs.: fls. borne in a long, 

 loose, pendent raceme arising from the base of the 

 pseudobulbs. 



Gongoras are extremely free-flowering, and grow 

 easily in a nii.\tnre of sphagnum and peat, with a little 

 phir'iil .'iMi 1 fiir drainage. During the growing season 

 tl ■ ' 1 II iity of water, and brisk heat. In the 



V I |iiire little water, but should be kept in a 



11, ,: ;... re in a cool, shaded house. They grow 



Well » nil I atiUyas, or in a temperature of 60° in winter 

 aiLd Ni° in summer. Some growers prefer to use fine 

 fern root packed tightly and for a top finish a little fine 

 moss found in damp meadows, instead of sphagnum, 

 which in this climate is quick to decay. 



A. Lateral sepals ovate or oblong, truncate. 



tnmc4ta, Lindl. Pseudobulbs deeply furcate : lateral 

 sepals rotund, oblong, truncate, the upper one ovate, 

 keeled; petals minute, ovate; sepals and petals pale 

 straw color, spotted with purple ; base of labellum com- 

 pressed in the middle, 2-horned : apex ovate, canalicu- 

 late. B.R. 31:56. 



