GRAPE 



tlces will come back to the point from which they started 

 like a boomerang. Grapes designed for shipment are 

 packed in climax baskets. The size prevailing in the 

 Keuka district are "poneys," having a gross weight of 

 less than five pounds. In the Chautauqua district the 

 8-pound is the almost universal size. The reason 



GRAPE 



675 



972. The third movement. 



for such distinct customs is due to the demands of the 

 markets to which the Grapes are shipped. Shipments of 

 the Keuka section go to the Atlantic cities, and those 

 from Chautauqua go to the west. 



In the Lake Keuka district of western New York there 

 are a number of wine cellars involving large capital, 

 two or three of whi<-li n.nkr- »x'-.-ll.nt i-li^mpagne. This 

 industry began at !liir.(iMpiiLUtM,ii iri tli.- vixtii-v, jumI 

 severalVarieties of 1 . 1 I'., ■ ':iiiirM v,,l,.ly Imi-wjim' 



purposes, but the ipr : ■■ imii wn^n.it u I I'^r' 



table use. In tlic i ''i ' n-- .' :■ ..■ u-trirt thi- wim- in- 

 dustry has receivcMl liiili :iii( n; 1..11 compared to that 

 given in the Keuka disTriit. 'rii.ic has been no oppor- 

 tunity for the bleniliiii.' .if -. \ , ini juices, for the reason 

 that the Concord i- -" ipiirlv ihr universal variety 



■ the 



about 85 per cent <.t' t'l.- a ri 

 at Silver Creek, N. V,. .ml 

 Pa., comprising al'i.nr ■J.'.,e' 

 These associations, no <li 

 giving a more even distri 

 markets. When there is no 

 of a certain city may be ] ■ 

 advance of prices follows 

 known to all shippers, with : 

 to benefit by such an advanr 

 ket, making an aggregate f; 

 sharp decline of prices will 



The first was for the 

 The plan was resumed again in 

 throuL'h the seasons of 1898 and 



if l,s:i7 till' association represented 

 .- a ri-;i^i nl ttie district beginning 

 . .ml .iiT ill Ming to Harbor Creek, 



ing a high percentage of acreage can prevent such gluts, 

 provided the over-supply or under-consumption is not 

 such that all the available markets in the country are 

 not glutted, a state of affairs that is liable to happen at 

 mid-harvest, when double the number of cars is forced 

 on the market. 



The total shipments from the Chautauqua district for 

 seven seasons have been as follows: 



No. of Cars 



1893 3,100 



1894 3,600 



J 1895 3.200 



1896 4,050 



1897 6,000 



1898 



1899 7.000 



A. B. Clothier, of Silver Creek, N. Y., gives the fol- 

 lowing as the expense of planting and developing an 

 acre of Grapes: 



Plowing And marking an aere of land $3 00 



Number of plants, 8 ft. X 9 ft., 605. Cost 12 10 



Cost of planting 1 50 



Number of cultivations first seas.. n. 7. I'.ist 7 00 



Cost of cultivati.ii V 1)1 -. .1-1. 11 7 00 



Number poun.is . r .n. ...1 :.' .-.m- tnlli-. iimi llis,; 



staples. 6 ll.s . . ■ .. 22 80 



Nnmberpostsf.., . . -.m . . mi . , l-r.,.-, -. I'n e.i-i.. 14 14 

 Costof puttint! uii Tl. Ml- 3 00 



Cost of acre of Grapes, exclusive of laud $70 54 



S. S. Crissey, of Fredonia, N. Y., horticultural editor 

 of the "Grape Belt," without going into details, puts 

 the total cost of an acre of vineyard at from $7.5 to $80, 

 which practically agrees with that of Mr. Clothier. 

 These are men of experience and wide observation, and 

 their estimates may be considered to be representative 

 and reliable. 



Mr. Clothier gives the following estimate for the cost 

 of labor for an acre of Grapes in bearing, per season: 

 Cost of pruning, pulling bnish, tappintj posts, riglitiug 



li.in i".'v iiirr " " '. $12 00 



$20 50 

 Mr. Crissey's estimate is a little higher, making cost 

 under the same conditions to be $23. 



As to the yield of an acre of Grapes in the Chatitauqua 

 belt, the variation is great. A vineyardist who has any 

 expectation of standing in line with progressive men 



973. The tie complete. 



should expect to have a record of 4 tons of Concords 

 per acre. This is more than the average, but unless a 

 man can exceed the average in any line, there is small 

 chance for him to succeed. 



As to prices, the variation during the past seven years 

 has been greater than that of the yield. Grapes have 



