702 GYMNOGRAMMA 



7. decomp6sita, Baker. Lvs. 1>.J ft. long, 1 ft. broad, 

 deltoid, quadripiunate or even 5-pinnate: pinnae close, 

 lanceolate, with the ultimate divisions linear and 1- 

 nerved : powder rather scanty, Andes. P.R.2;25. G.C. 

 III. 11:365. F.1874, p. 148. 



BBB. Powder white: lvs. lanceolate. 

 D. Segments acute. 



8. calomSlanos, Kaulf. Stalks and rachises nearly 

 black: lvs. 1-3 ft. Imit;, witli lanceolate pinufe; segments 

 often with a lari;^ I.In I^'., ;,i,,irl,. .-.t tin- uiipn- -idt- of 

 thebase. West In'! -:■!'■ i '. \.' ;. 1 1 :.;i':;. — 'I'lir most 

 variable species •■! ■- : :-. '.. >,i,i<i„fiir,,, |l,,ri., is 

 probably one of I In m.uis jn .1. a \ arutn s. \'ar. chryao- 

 phylla is herecousid^ini adi-uuct spucius. ^bl;c ^u. i.) 



DD. Segments obtuse, rounded. 



9. Peruviana, Desv. Lvs. 6-12 in. long, 3-5 in. wide, 

 with dark chestnut-brown stalks ; piuu£e somewhat regu- 

 larly pinnatifld on both sides below. Mexico to Peru. By 

 some considered a var. of G. calomelanos. V^ar. argyro- 

 phylla ( G. argyrophyUa, Hort.) , is silvery on both sides. 



10. Tartirea, Desv. (C. Tatdrica, Hort.). Lvs. 9-18 

 in. long, 2-5 in. broad, with closely set pinnae, tapering 

 gradually to a point; pinnules scarcely divided or cut, 

 mostly merely crenate. Trop. Amer. from Mex. south- 

 ward. 



DDD. Segtnents fan-shaped or wedge-shaped. 



11. pulcWUa, Linden. Lvs. 6-12 in. long, 4 in. wide, 

 the lower pinnte much the largest; pinnules imbricated; 

 texture rather thin. Venezuela. Var. Wettenhalli&na, 

 Moore (G. Wettenhatlidna, Hort.); is a garden variety, 

 with pale sulfur-yellow powder. 



Q. Jap6nicn. See Dietyogramma Japonica. 



L. M. L'NUERWOOD. 



Gold and Silver Ferns are amongst the choicest and 

 most distinct of all ferns in cultivation, by reason of the 

 beautiful golden or silvery powder that covers the backs 

 of the fronds. The best Gold Fern is G. clirysophylla: 

 the best Silver Fr-rn is G. i-nlnmrlnnos. Unfortunately, 

 however, these liin- sulrir.-i-i ^rarcely thrive anywhere 

 but in a warm on.. r\ ai-, , . ri,,. finest Gold or Silver 

 Fern will presi-nt an un~iuhlly appearance if syringed 

 or watered overln-ad, a- tin- Hater carries off the farina. 

 Moreover, many a fine specimen is spoiled by overwater- 

 ing at the roots in winter time or directly after repot- 

 ting. The Gold Pern shown on Plate XI, which was 

 considered one of the finest specimens of Gjrmnogramma 

 ever raised in America, a plant that had been carefully 

 kept for many years, was destroyed one winter by over- 

 watering. In the summer time, when these ferns are 

 growing freely, there is little danger of over-watering, 

 always provided the drainage be thorough. In the winter 

 Gold and Silver Ferns should have a drier atmos- 

 phere, and less water will suffice. Plants in small pots 

 should be lowered into a pail of water. Do not soak 

 them again until they show indications of dryness. 

 Large specimens should never be watered with the hose ; 

 always use the watering can. A critical time with Gold 

 and Silver Ferns is after repotting, and many promis- 

 ing specimens are ruined as a result of premature 

 watering at this time. When the plants are well estab- 

 lished and the roots have taken fresh hold in the new 

 soil they will need more water. 



Gold and Silver Ferns like a drier atmosphere than 

 the majority of f' r . i arii. ularly in winter. Hence 

 they should not 1 ■: ' 1- 1 -lif-nches. Elevate them 

 in some way sr) t' i i - t the warmer and drier 



air of the coii^m>,m , \ ,_: specimens should be 



placed on shclvco ur l.r.icLLt,, near the light. Older 

 plants may be set upon a large inverted pot or fern pan. 

 A plant grown from spores shows its true character 

 early. A year's growth produces fine little ferns, in 2 

 or 3-in. pots, with fronds 4 or 5 in. long, the young ferns 

 being 2 or 3 in. high. Another year's care will give 

 handsome specimens a foot or more high. 



The first thing to do with Gold and Silver Ferns is to 

 give them a special place where tin y can receive special 

 care. For potting a liirlit niisiur. i, il. -;irable. In the 

 Old World, loam is usnai: i n' nded, but for 



large specimens the writ, r I - :i.-."ess in using 



2 parts of fibrous loam, 1 i -i ]■■■•; i .i^.n or chopped 



GYNANDKOPSIS 



in good sized pieces, and I part leaf-mold, with a little 

 sand and some charcoal to keep the soil porous. These 

 ferns can hardly have too much light, and need slight 

 shade only in summer. In winter the night temperature 

 should be 55° to 60°, with a day temperature 5° to 10° 

 higher. Be sure to give these ferns a drier atmosphere 

 and less moisture at the roots in winter than in sum- 

 mer. However, the plants must not be allowed to get 



The writer prefers to grow large speiMmens in pans 

 rather than in pots, as tlie r.i.'t.- hav.^ iii'.rc room to 



spreari. Surface rooting can i : . 1 liy a light 



mulch of chopped moss, ^'.!; , ; and sand. 



Keep the crown of the I'lai .. i: i,. . :. vated. It 

 is necessary to have plenty ot .li ainiiy.j. A t;'J<-'d potting 

 soil for young plants consists ot 2 parts peat and 

 1 part sand. Repot in February, before the young 

 growth has started. If repotting is delayed too long 

 the young fronds will be injured. Robert Shore. 



GYMNOPETALUM (Greek, nalced petal). Cucttrbi- 

 tacefe. A genus of 6 species of tropical oriental vines, of 

 which one, G. (7oc/((Hc/a'neHse, iscult. chiefly for its orna- 

 mental gourds. It is a tender perennial plant, and is 

 said to have small white fis. borne in late summer and 

 autumn. It is advertised only in the lartci-st seed cata- 

 logues, under the name of Scotanthus tKbifloni.t. Sco- 

 tanthus was formerly thought to be a closely allied ge- 

 nus, differing only in the staminate fls. possessing 

 bracts and 3 bristle-like rudiments of an ovary, while 

 the staminate fls. of Gymnopetalum, by the old definition 

 have no bracts or minute ones, and but 1 rudiment of an 

 ovary. The latest monograph of the Cucurbitacea* is by 

 Coigneaux in DC. Mon. Phan. vol. 3, 1881. He includes 

 Scotanthus in Gymnopetalum, and distinguishes G. Co- 

 chinchinense from the 5 other species by the following 

 characters: fls. monoecious, white: caljrs teeth long lin- 

 ear-awl-shaped ; calyx shortly villous, not tomentose: 

 lvs. ovate, angled or slightly lobed: fr. 10-ribbed. 



Cochinchin^nse, Kurz {Scofdnlhns tubiflbrus, Nand.). 

 Musk-scented: stem much-branched, slender, grooved, 

 creeping or climbing, 5-7>^ ft. long: lvs. about 'i)4-2\i 

 in. long, 1-2 in. wide: fr. bright red, ovoid, rather acute 

 at the base, produced at the apex into a long point which 

 withers and remains, 2 in. long, more than 1 in. thick. 



GYMN6PTERIS. See Acrostichum. 



GYMNOSPdRIA (Greek, naked s^f'- : t..-. an... in 

 some species the seeds have no false .■" I . a :' I c. 

 lastrAcem. Thisincludes a pretty eveiLi n i i i ii.. 



cult, in S. Calif., and suitable for ht.l. . f 



about 60 species of shrubs or small ti , _i iii_- in 

 warm regions: branches often spiny: lvs. alternate, 

 without stipules : fls. in small, forking cymes; sepals, 

 petals and stamens 4-5, the last inserted underneath the 

 disk, which is broad, wavy or lobed ; style 2-3-lobed: 

 capsule obovoid or nearly globose : seeds 1-2 in ejich cell. 

 G. serr^ta, from Himala'yas, is cult, at Santa Barbara, 

 Calif., from seeds sent to F. Franceshi by the Botanic 

 G.irden ot Rome. 



GYMNOTRIX. See Pennisetum. 



GYNANDR6PSIS (Greek words : the stamens look 

 as if thev were borne on the ovary). Capparidacea. 

 This geniis includes a tender annual plant with 5-7 leaf- 

 lets, and flowers resembling the spider flower, or Cleome. 

 It is known to the trade at present as a Cleome, but 

 Gynandropsis is distinguished by having a long torus 

 (or receptacle), which is produced into a slender body 

 (or gynophore) which is elongated at the middle, and 

 bears the pistil to which the filaments are united. 

 Cleome has a short torus, which often has an appendix 

 on the back. Stamens about 6 in Gynandropsis: in 

 Cleome 4-6, often 10. Gynandropsis has about 10 spe- 

 cies, found in the warmer parts of the world. Leaflets 

 3-7: fls. white or purplish; sepals deciduous: petals en- 

 tire or crenulate, obovate, with a slender claw : seeds 



