GYNANDROPSIS 



Bpeciosa, DC. {Cleome specidsa,'B.BK.). Rather vel- 

 pety towards the top: Ifts. 5-7, subserrulate, oblong, 

 acuminate. Mex. TjV. M. 



GYNEEIUM (Greek, u-oolly stigmas). a,an,ine<r. 

 This genus was until 1897 held to include the Pampas 

 Grass ( Gynerium argenteum), which has long been con- 

 sidered the finest of all tall, i^iim ur^i.-> -. a^ aUo the 

 most important, commercially, • " • : : il iriaxes. 



Plumes of Pampas Grass an . _•• i|uaiiti- 



ties from California to Euri^j ■ . .-■, . !■ i,,**! \ari..)us 

 colors. In nature the pluiut.^ .ul .-il.tiy wLitu, with 

 varieties ranging from rose to carmine, viulct and purple. 

 They are often 2-3 ft. long. Pampas Grass is grown com- 

 mercially only in California. The plumes are not col- 

 lected in South America or shipped therefrom. The 

 plumes of the male plants are much inferior to those of 

 the females, and California grow i rs exircisethe greatest 

 care to allow no male plants m the plant.ition. In this 



GYNERIUM 



703 



Ld for 1 



Ktid [Aiuudj 1) JM- I,. IS II. I J 

 differiut tjpts ot liL.mtj Iht Aiuuu 

 bold habit, of which the tall, reedj stems aie an impor 

 tant feature, while its plumes are wholly im idental, be- 

 ing smaller than those of the Pampas Gr.iss, and often 

 not produced before the northern frosts. 



The plumes of Pampas Grass and of Uva Grass (6. 

 saCL-haroides) are both sold in London, and are presum- 

 ably distinguished in the trade. Ura Grass is too tender 

 to be grown even in southern California. In England 

 Pampas Grass is generally hardy, while Uva Grass is 

 knowu only to a very few hothouses. Uva Grass is the 

 original spioies of Gynerium, and is now considered to 

 be fin- ni!!>- sT'fN-i.-i'in tliat genus, the Pampas Grass 



ha- I L- I -,,, , .i ni I -17 to the new genus Cortaderia. 



I'ai , '. - . , ; I ,. . f.jrth be catalogued by nur- 

 s'-r ' ' ' , ittisa. Uva Grass should be 



trii-i :•. ■. .iL.iii _MidMi-, as also another plant said 

 by critii-s til be far more beautiful than either, namely, 

 CortuiUria jubata, which is chiefly known to the trade 

 as Gijnerium arcuato-nebiilosum . 



Pampas Grass can be grown in sheltered spots as far 

 north as Rochester, N. Y., if well protected in winter. A 

 box well filled with dry leaves, hay or straw, and in- 

 verted over the clumps, will generally keep them from 

 harm. Perfect specimens can be obtained only in light, 

 rich soil, with moderate moisture, at least in the early 

 stages of growth. Prop, readily by division in spring, or 

 by seeds, which may produce flowering plants in 2 

 years. 



The popular name " Pampas Grass '' is now unchange- 

 able, but the plant does not grow on the pampas or vast 

 grassy plains of South America, but in the mountains. 

 "All the evidence tends to show that it is confined to 

 the neighborhood of water courses ami to di.-pressions 

 where there is a constant ;ii:'l -\ ^: ;- ,■ -!;;|>1> of 

 underground water." The ),; i ' i ii~- 



leading name became fiLsed i- - i - ,|,f. 



of Kew, in his excellent in _ up 



in G.C. 111.22:358,378,390 (IcL/T;. Ii, -. - .•[•t 



gives 5 species of Cortaderia, and an ' 1 in 



B.M. 7607. In S. America the Pampa- ' . ; i - im- 



of its allies are called Cortadero ; h. - ; _ i . rir 

 name Cortaderia. Cortaderias are wiil. 1. ■:;-■ i ,' i:. d in 

 S. America. 



Cortaderia argintea, Sfapf {Gynerium argenteum, 

 Nees). Pampas Grass. Fig. 1010. Grows in individ- 

 ualized, large, thick tussocks ; rhizome very short : 

 culms biennial, 3-6 ft. high, excluding the panicle : Ivs. 

 mostly crowded at the base ; sheaths increasing in 

 length from the base upwards from 2 in. to 2H ft., sev- 

 eral to many times longer than the intemodes : sexual 

 dimorphism of the spikelets slight (apart from the 

 genitalia) : spikelets 3-6-fld.. the uppermost florets more 

 or less rudimentary. For habit sketches, see R.H. 1890, 



45 



p. 489. Gng. 5:89. G.C. III. 2G:G34. J. H. 111. 35:43. 

 A.G. 14:323. F.S. 12, p. 179. 



None of the following varietal nam, s l,av.- In.tanical 

 rank, but they probably are fmly ui-iint horti- 

 culturally, and so far they ha\ . ai^i" an ^ mhU- in 

 connection with the name ii,\ n. i luiii. \ ar. mon- 

 Btxbsum is perhaps the most rubust.aud \ ar. nanum 

 (which grows about 3 ft. high), the dwarf est. The 

 others here mentioned are supposed to be the same 

 height as the type. A slender form with narrower foli- 

 age is var. ilegans, with Ivs. a fourth of an inch wide 



1010 Pampas Grass (See Gyner. 



and 



It 1 .,11 R H 18G2 p loO It his sub- 

 varieti with whit tiiped foliage var elegans niveo- 

 lineatum n 1 i tt 1 with white var elegans mveo- 

 vittatum II ji hug varieties except where notea, 

 have the h uht ot the t\ pe and white plume The 

 next four vaiieties difter trom the t\pe in hiMug col- 

 ored plumes vais roseum violaceum purpureum and 

 carmineum the name inditatin^ the diffeient colors. 

 Varieties with white tiiped f jln^-e are album variegi- 

 tum and Stenackerl Solus vanegatis ^>^lletle -nith 

 yellow striped f li igt nre aureum vanegatum md Wes- 

 serUngi vanegatum \ ar Eoi des Eoses w i ud by 

 .John Saul to have folnge tiiped with rose but others 

 describe it as a rosv plumed variety 



When advertised under Cortaderia these names 

 should all have the feminine endings as monstrosa etc. 



Cortaderia tubita stapf (Gyneinim jubcitum Lem. 

 G. u, I II Hort ) Diffeis from Pampas 



Gras 11 tl 1 il 1 I ixer more graceful plume with 

 long 1 1 1 11 \u u nodding branches somewhat 

 small r i il 1 t iii re delicite glumes and in the 

 longer v r\ lender staminode of the pi tillate fls. 

 The plume is lavender coloiel and the pi mt has been 

 killed by a temperature of 3 F C. rows m a dense 

 tuft, perennial but with biennial ctilm spikelets 3-5- 

 fld. The plume is 1-2 ft long B M 7607 C C III. 

 26:6o8 Cn 5o p 93 EH 188o p 200 Cn lo p 179. 

 Int. by Lemoine of Nancy France Probable s\nonyms 

 are G ro'ieum Sendtaten and G argenteum catmina- 

 turn Bendlateu F S 20 ''O'o -Not so well known as 

 the other two species 



Gynenum saccharoldes Humb t Bonp Uva Grass. 

 Rhizome creeping culms perennial 12-30 ft high Ivs. 

 rather evenlv di fnl it 1 r the culm those near the 

 base gradualh ' \ leaving the stem naked 



4-14 ft abo\H II arlv equ d (except the 



lowest) about tl\ longer th m the mter- 



nodes sexu il i i I i l tlu fls ver-v con puuous: 

 spikelets 2 fld 1 M i^ —Essentially a more tender 

 plant than the Pampas Grass 



J. B. Keller and W M 



