718 • HEDYSARUM 



with red, fragrant fls., crowded in axillary spikes or 

 racemes: Ivs. with 3-7 pairs of elliptic or roundish, 

 somewhat pubescent Ifts. Eu. Var. dlbum, Hort., has 

 white fls. 



AA. Fls. normally purple {varying to ivhite). 



multiidgum, Maxim Hardy perennial of angular, 



straggling growth, 2-5 ft. high, very showy, and worthy 



of general cult. Fls. violet or puiplish magenta, with 



yellow blotches, in racemes 8-18 in. long, all 



-Of recent introduction. Very fine for rockwork. 



boreile, Nutt. (B. AmericAmiin, Britt.). Erect or 

 half -decumbent herb, simply or nearly so, 1-3 ft.: Ifts. 

 5-10 pairs, glabrous, oblong or oblanceolate: fls. violet- 

 purple, varying to white, the calyx teeth ovate-acute and 

 shorter than the tube. Labrador and northern N. Eng- 

 land across the continent. 



Mackinzii, Richards. Much like the last, but some- 

 what pubescent: Us. larger, calyx teeth awl-like and 

 " longi:r than the tube. Colo. N. and W. 



. Palmdce<f 

 .-many palm 

 semblea tha 



ile IS 



HEDYSCEPE (Greek. 

 Umbuell.\ Palm. This in. ,, . . 

 known to the trade as :i !.■ 



geuusinhabitandfoIi;.f," , l-^ii i .1,- ;ihi i,i flowe 

 Kentia the fls. are arranged in 4 ranks, and the ov 

 fastened at the bottom of the cell, while in Hedy 

 (and its cultivated allies, Kentiopsis, Veitchia, Nenga, 

 Archontophcenix, Rhopalostylis and Dictyosperma) the 

 fls. are spirally arranged in the branches of the spadix, 

 and the ovule is fastened at the side. From the allies 

 above mentioned Hedyscepe is distinguished by the 

 following characters : staminate fls. with narrowly lan- 

 ceolate sepals, 9-12 stamens, with long filaments ; pis- 

 tillate fls. with petals like the sepals and valvate at the 

 apex. As a house plant. S. Cctnlerbunjnna is dwarfer 

 and more spreading than the two Howeas, and has a 

 lighter shade of green. 



H. Canlerbiirnana, a very handsome palm, is the only 

 species belonging to the genus, and, like the important 

 Howeas (or Kentias of commercial horticulture), is only 

 known in a wild state on Lord Howe's Island, where it 



.y^^ 



^'i 



10J4. Hedyscepe Canterburyana. 



is known as the "Umbrella Palm" from the recurving 

 habit of its foliage. It grows at a greater altitude than 

 the Howeas, not appearing below the 900-feet level, and 

 from this it may be inferred that a slightly lower tempera- 

 ture is more suitable for this palm ; but in a general way 

 the same conditions as those required by the so-called 

 Kentias will give good results with this subject, namely, 

 anight temperature of 60° to 62° F., moderate shading 

 throughout nearly the whole year, plenty of water, and 

 a rich and rather heavy soil. These palms respond 

 freely to generous treatment. As a commercial palm, R. 

 Canterburyana is not very popular as yet, partly owing 



HELENIUM 



to the higher cost of seeds and the frequently low per- 

 centage of f,'i'niiiuation, and partly from the fact that in 

 a y. nil J Mil. t!i; , i>;ilm is by no means a rapid grower. 

 In 1 II. ss of foliage, it is fully equal to the 



Kill . . . Lnaoefulness and symmetry of growth 



Will ].tii jui.rably with any of the commercial 



species. In .^. <.'aiif. it is cult, outdoors. 



Canterburyana. H. Wendl. & Drude (Klntia Canter- 

 6H»!/(i(irt, F. Muell.). Umbrella Palm. Fig. 1024. Tall, 

 spineless palm, with a thick, stout caudex: Ivs. termi- 

 nal, dense, equally pinnatisect, the numerous seiriiients 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate, the lower nerves rfiiirved 

 at the base, rather remote from the margin; i;u'liis 

 arched, recurving: spaaix with a short peduncle, and 

 thickened, flexuose branches; areolae lax: fls. medium: 

 fr. ovoid, large. R.H. 1873, p.218. F.R.1:85. The illus- 

 tration (Fig. 1024) is adapted from Martins. 



Jared G. Smith and W. H. Taplin. 



HEiEIA (commemorative of Oswald Heer, Swiss 

 botanist). Mrhistmnacetf. lnc[ndes Htteroceiitrnii. Ac- 

 cording to the latest monographer (Cogniaux, DC. 

 Monogr. Phaner. 7), the genus has 6 Mexican and Cen- 

 tral American species. They are herbs or shrubs, erect 

 or prostrate, with opposite membranaceous pinnately 

 nerved (rarely 3nerved) entire Ivs., and white, rose or 

 purple irregular fls. in panicles or rarely solitary. Not 

 to be confounded with Centradenia, which has winged 

 stems, unequal-sided Ivs. and calyx teeth small and 

 much shorter than the calyx tube. Stamens 8, very un- 

 equal, the 4 larger ones with long appendages or connec- 

 tions : ovary loculed : petals 4. — Warmhouse plants, 

 requiring the culture of Centradenia, but grown chiefly 

 for the fls., whereas Centradenias are grown nlso for 

 foliage. H. rdsea, Triana (Hetrroceiitron Mr.rir,;,nnn, 

 Naud., ff. rdseum, Br. & Bouchi) is the o.ily species 

 in general cult. A foot or more high, with 4-angled 

 (but not winged) stem; Ivs. elliptic, obtuse or acute, 

 pinnate-nerved : fls. bright rose, in a large, terminal 

 panicle, showy. B.M. 5166. I. H. 3:97. Var. 41ba, Hook., 

 is a white-fld. form. l. H. B. 



HELENI6PSIS. See ITeloniopsis. 



HELfiNIUM ( possibly the author had in mind Helenus, 

 the son of Priam, but he left no record of the application 

 of this name). Compdsilm. Sneeze Weed. About 25 

 species of hardy annual and perennial herbs, bearing 

 yellow fls. from early summer to late autumn. Only the 

 perennials are in cultivation. Stem erect, usually 

 branching above: Ivs. alternate, narrowly to broadly 

 lanceolate, entire or toothed, glandular-dotted ; petiole 

 and stem sometimes winged; heads solitary or corym- 

 bose, yellow or brownish. 



The genus closely resembles Helianthus, but differs 

 in having elongated, often top-shaped fruits, which are 

 never compressed and are usually silky villose; while 

 the fruits of Helianthus are generally more or less 4- 

 sided and are smooth. In Helenium the receptacle is 

 naked; in Helianthus it bears paleaceous bracts, which 

 subtend the florets. 



Heleniums thrive best in a rich, moist soil, with a 

 sunny aspect, and are propagated by seeds, cuttings or 

 division. All the species are very easily grown, the only 

 serious diifieulty being a white aphis which sometimes 

 attacks the roots. If plants look unhealthy they should 

 be lifted, washed with an insecticide and reset in a new 

 place. The commonest species in cult, is H.autumnale, 

 but perhaps the most valuable species for general plant- 

 ing is H. Hoopesii, which is one of our earliest blooming 

 composites, and is also desirable for the border or for 

 cut-flowers. H. Hoopesii, Bolanderii and autiimnale 

 will give bloom in succession from May-Oct. The first 

 two are also attractive when grown in pots, but they do 

 not flower from seed the first year, either in pots or in 

 the open. 



A. Stem and branches winged. 

 B. Disk yellow. 



autumnile, Linn. (IT. grandifUrum, Nutt.). Fig. 1025. 

 Stem 2-6 ft. high, roughish, leafy: Ivs. mostly toothed, 

 smooth: heads 1-1^.2 in. across, numerous, borne at the 

 end of sliort, very leafy stalks: rays drooping, 3-cleft. 

 lemon-yellow to rich orange; disk yellow. July-Oct. 



