722 



HELIANTHUS 



attractive foliage, whicli is not at all coarse. A well 

 grown plant will produce spikes of &s. nearly 4 ft. long. 



5. an^stifdlius, Linn. Swamp Sunflower. Stem 

 2-C ft. high, simple or branching above, slightly rough: 

 Ivs. 2-7 in. long, somewhat tufted, drooping, with rolled 

 edges, smooth o.r slightly rough: fls. 2-3 in. wide, few 

 or solitary. Aug.-Oct. Wet land, N. Y. to Fla., west to 

 Ky. and Tex. B.M. 2051. 



6. rigidus, Desf. {IT. Missouritnsis, Schwein.). St. 

 1-3 ft. high (rarely 5-8 ft.), strict, sparingly branched, 

 rough or hairy: Ivs. 6-12 in. long, oblong to ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, firm, thick, rough-hairy, entire or slightly 

 toothed: fls. 2K-4 in. wide, showy, long-stalked; rays nu- 

 merous, about 114 in. long; disk sometimes yellow at 

 first, turning brown. Aug.-Oct. Mich, to Tex. and west 

 to Col. B.R. 6:508 {as B. atroiiibeiis). B.M. 2020 (as fl^. 

 diffusHS). BM.26eS{a.sff.atrorubens). Gn.27,p.«8.- 

 After H. decapetalus this species is one of the best 

 perennial Sunflowers. It varies under cultivation chiefly 

 in the direction of doubling and in lengthening the 

 blooming period. Some of the best garden varieties 

 are sestivilis, grandifldrus, semi-plenus and Miss Mel- 

 lish. 



7. atrdrubens, Linn. Porple-disk Sunflower. St. 

 2-5 ft. high : Ivs. usually thin, sometimes hoary be- 

 neath : fls. about 2 in. across; rays few (10 to 10), 

 rarely over 1 in. long; disk dark red. Otherwise like 

 IT. rigidns, to which it is inferior. Va. to Fla., west to 

 Ohio and La. 



8. IsBvigitus, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2-5 ft., simple or 

 branched above: Ivs. 3-6 in. long, lanceolate, smooth, 

 entire or slightly toothed : fls. 1-lH in. broad, tew or 

 solitary; rays 6-10, usually less than 1 in. long. Aug.- 

 Oct. Va. to N. C. 



M 



f 



%, 



■-^^>'^ 



11.) 



9. Btrumdsus, Linn. St. .3-7 ft. high, usually branch- 

 ing, often glaucous: Ivs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rough above, entire or toothed : fls. 2}^-4 in. across; 

 rays 8-15, 1-1 K in. long. July-Sept. Open woods. Can. 

 to Ga. and west to Wis. and Ark. Var. mdllis, Torr. 

 & Gray. Lvs. downy beneath. B.M. 3689 (asff. mollis, 

 Lam.). 



10. grdsse-Berratus, Martens. St. 6-10 ft. high, very 

 smooth, glaucous: lvs. long-lanceolate, slender-petioled. 



HELIANTHUS 



rough above: fls. many, cymose, 1-3 in. broa-l. Aug.- 

 Oct. Pa. to Mo., south to Tex. — Passes into if. j!!/a)i(e«s. 



11. decapetalus, Linn. Stem 2-5 ft. bigh, branched 

 above: lvs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, sharply ser- 

 rate, thin, rough above, finely pubescent beneath : fls. 

 2-3 in. across, numerous; rays 

 generally more than 10, in spite 

 of the specific name. July-Sept. 

 Moist soils, Quebec to Ga.,west to 

 Mich, and Ky. G.C. II. 16:001.- 

 Under cult, it has given rise to the 

 horticultural var. multlJldrus 

 )HH»i«o/-»5,Hort.).Fig.l028. B.M. 

 227. G.C. III. 10:421. Gn. 27:476, 

 pp. 71,74; 45.P.373. Gt. 43, p. 554. 

 Gng. 3:83. F.R. 2:413. The many 

 garden forms of var. muUlfloriis 

 differ mainly in the extent of doub- 

 ling, season of blooming, habit of 

 plant and size of fl. Among the 

 best are : Var. flore pl^no and var. 

 grandifldrus, almost completely 

 double; var. major, fls. larger than 

 common ; var. miximus, very large, 

 single fls. with pointed ravs ; Soliel ' 

 d'Or, with quilled florets, like a 

 Cactus Dahlia. Multiflorus varie- 

 ties are the most popular of peren- 

 nial Sunflowers, and deser- 

 vedly so. If the double forms 

 are grown on poor soil, or are 

 allowed to remain for several 

 years without being divided, 

 they become single. 



12. divaricitus, Linn. Fig. 

 1029. Stem 1-6 ft. high : lvs. 

 sessile, rough above, pubes- 

 cent beneath, standing out 

 nearly at right angles to the 

 stem : fls. few or solitary, 2 

 Dry woodlands. Can. to Fla., we 



V.\. gigant^uB, Linn. Indian Potato. Stem 3-12 ft. 

 high, stiput: lvs. 3-7 in. long, lanceolate, very rough, 

 serrate or nearly entire : fls. usually several, 1^2-3 in. 

 broad, mostly long-stalked; rays 10-20, barely 1 in. 

 long, cupped, pale vellow : seeds smooth. Aug.-Oct. 

 Wet ground. Can. to Fla., west to Neb. B.M. 7555. D. 

 165. — Var. subtuberdsuB, Bourgeau. A northern form 

 with unusually fleshy roots, which were formerly col- 

 lected by Indians for food. Hence "Indian Potato." 



U. Maximiliani, Schrad. Stem generally 2-4 ft. high, 

 sometimes 8-10: lvs. inclined to be trough-shai)ed: fls. 

 on short, densely pubescent peduncles; rays 15-30, gen- 

 erally \yi in. long, deep yellow. Otherwise like H. gi- 

 3«ii*«HS, of which it is probably the western form. Aug.- 

 Oct. Dry plains, west of Mississippi river. 



15. tuberdsuB, Linn. Jercsalem ARTiCHOhE. Stem 

 5-12 ft., branched above, lvs. 4-8 in., usually ovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, rough above, finely pubescent be- 

 neath: fls. several or numerous, 2-3 in. across ; rays 

 12-20: seeds pubescent. Gn. 27:08. B.M. 7545. -Fre- 

 quentlv cultivated for its edible tubers. See Artichoke, 

 Jerusalem. 



16. doronicoides. Lam. Stem 3-7 ft. high : Ivs. 4-8 in. 

 long, ovate oblong, narrowed towards both ends, rough 

 on both sides : fls. numerous, in loose panicles ; rays 

 12-20, broad. Otherwise as IT. Ictlifolius. Aug., Sept. 

 Dry soils, Ohio to Mo. B.M. 2778 (as S. pubeseens). 



17. ni611is. Lam. Stem 2-5 ft. high, stout, very lestfy, 

 hoary villose, at least when young : lvs. 3-5 in. long, 

 ovate-lanceolate, white-pubescent or rough on upper 

 side: fls. solitary or few, 2-3 in. broad; rays 15-25. 

 July-Sept. Barren soils, Ohio to Ga., west to la. and 

 Tex. Gn. 55:1212. 



18. pikmilns, Nutt. Stem rough and hairy throughout: 

 lvs. only 5-7 pairs, 1-4 in. long, ovate-lanceolate : fls. 

 few, short-peduncled. Eastern Rocky Mts. and adjacent 

 plains. 



19. laetiildruB, Pcrs. Snowy Scnfower. Stem 4-8 ft. 

 high, leafy: lvs. 4-10 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, more or 

 less serrate, rough on both sides: fls. several. 2-4 in. 



