754 



HOMERIA 



Homeria differs in the 2 pctaloiil stigmatose crests at 

 the ends of the style branches. Homeria has 6 nearly 

 equal perianth segments, which at the base are united 

 into a cup. MonoRr. bv .T. U. Baker in Handbook of the 

 Irideae, 1892, and Kl..rr,' i ■Mf.-n-i- i\:V, M'^vi; 7>, Thp fol- 

 lowing chaTact'-i- -i^^ —'. i ,!.!in!-t // ^ ,. r from 

 the other 5 spc.' I' , i ,: i,..' s hc.lin 

 the middle: lis. i j i -. not 



banded down th' im^MI. \\ , i:. I'.ml ti v, nt,'^ that 



H.colUna does wi-11 wlieii tri-ated like Ixia, as described 

 by him in this work. 



colllna, Vent. {Monea colllna, Thunb.). Corm tuni- 

 cated, globose, %-l in. long:' the only long leaf is linear, 

 rigid, li4-2 ft. long, overtopping the fls. : stem bearing 

 1-4 clusters of fls.: perianth segments 1%-!% in. long, 

 typically bright red, as in B.M. 1033; G. 0.111.4:163. 

 Var. aurantiaca has a slenderer habit and yellow-clawed, 

 bright red segments, which are narrower and more 

 acute than the type. B.M. 1612. Var. ochrolei^ca has 

 the habit of the type and pale yellow fls. B.M. 1103. 

 It is probable that var. aurantiaca is the only form in 

 ■which the species is cultivated. 



HOMOCfiLTIS, a name in the Amer. trade, is a mis- 

 spelling of Homoioceltis. P. J. Berckraans writes that 

 seeds of Homoceltis Japonica were distributed some 20 

 years ago by Gen. Wm. Browne, then a professor at 

 the Georgia State University. These trees were injured 

 in Georgia by the severe cold of February. 1899. Rea- 

 .soner writes that it is a fine, deciduous tree, with the 

 appearance of an elm or hackberry, and makes a dense 

 top. It has not flowered in Florida. 



Homoioceltis aspera, Blume, is Aphananthe aspera 

 (which see), and this is the only Homoioceltis in Japan. 

 Some, at least, of the stock known as H. Japonica (and 

 sometimes called also Celtis Davidiana) is Aphananthe 

 aspera. In Aphananthe, the secondary veins are straight 

 and end the teeth of the Ivs. ; in Celtis, they are curved 

 and form loops along the margin. 



HONESTY. Lunaria annua. 



HONEY LOCUST. Gleditschia triacanthos. Honey- 

 suckle, Lonicera. Souejwoit, Uerinthe. 



HOOKEBA. Apart of i?»o(Zia'a. 



HOP HORNBEAM See Ostrya. 



HOPLOPHtTUM. 



H6RDE1TII (Latin, /leoDj/ ,• because barley bread is 

 heavy and firm). Oraminew. This genus includes the 

 Barley {ff. sativum) and the Squirrel Tail Grass {H. 

 jubatitm), ihe latter a meadow weed obnoxious in the 

 West, but sometimes cult, for ornament in the East and 

 abroad. Its head of long spreading awns is ornamental, 

 but the spikelets separate too readily to make the grass 

 particularly desirable. Hordeums are erect, annual or 

 perennial grasses, spikelets in 3's, sessile on opposite 

 sides of the notched rachis, empty glumes narrow and 

 long, forming an involucre around the spikelets. In 

 these characters it resembles Elymus and Asprella, but 

 it is separated from them by the fact that each spikelet 

 is but 1-fld., while in the others the spikelets are2-many 

 fld. See Barley. 



jnbitam, Linn. Squirrel-tail Grass. Wild Barley. 

 Erect, simple, usually smooth and glabrous, 10 in. to 

 2 ft. high: Ivs. 1-5 in. long, only the central spikelet in 

 each cluster perfect: awns of empty glumes 1-2K in. 

 long, spreading. In dry soil, northern U. S. and Canada. 

 B.B. 1:229. R.H. 1890, p. 488 (poor). 



G. T. Hastings. 



HOKEHODND. See Marrubium. 



HORSE-RADISH 



HORNBEAM. Consult Carpinus. 



HORNED POPPY. Glaucimn. 



HORSE, in combination with other names of plants, 

 usually signifies something large and coarse, not neces- 

 sarily eaten by horses. 



HOHSE BALM. CoUinsonia. 



HORSE BEAN. See Vicia Faha. 



HORSE CHESTNUT. See ^scuhis 



HORSE MINT. See Monarda. 



HORSE-RADISH (Fig. 1075), the well-known condi- 



member of the natural family Cruciferse, to which belong 

 cabbage, turnip, wallflower, stock, charlock, mustard, 

 and many other vegetables, flowers and weeds. It 

 comes to us from Great Britain, where it is thought to 

 have been naturalized from some more eastern Euro- 

 pean country. It is often found growing wUd in moist 

 locations, such as the margins of streams, in cool woods 

 and damp meadows, and, in some places, notably in the 

 state of New York, is troublesome as a weed. For 

 botanical description, see Cochlearia. 



The root is perennial, fleshy, whitish externally, pure 

 white within, conical at the top, cylindrical, and, unlike 

 the tap-roots of parsnips, is abruptly branched below. 

 When bruised, it emits a volatile oil of strong, pungent 

 odor and hot, biting taste. If eaten before this oil 

 evaporates, it "is highly stimulant, exciting the stom- 

 ach when swallowed, and promoting the secretions, es- 

 pecially that of urine. Externally, it is rubefacient. Its 

 chief use is as a condiment to promote appetite and in- 

 vigorate digestion; but it is also occasionally employed 

 in medicine." (U.S. Di.spensatory.) As a table relish, 

 the consumption of Horse-radish is increasing, and 

 gre:iter attention is being paid to its cultivation than 

 formerly. Under the old methods, 

 profitable returns were often obtained, 

 but under the new, profits are gener- 

 ally highly satisfactory where enemies 

 are not very troublesome. The sea- 

 son of fresh-grated Horse-radish runs 

 almost parallel to that of oysters, with 

 which the rn..f i- ,.,fi.t fif nncntly eaten 

 in this ccini : ■ ' ' _ ■ ;•. -I roots are, 

 however. 1. ; ■ -t.irage tor 



Horse- 



that 



\ 



quality 

 soils the 



HORMlNUM, See , 



and the !]■ i . ;i di-i-p loam 



of medium I' Miiic .umI iii...li-r.ite rich- 

 ness, well supplifd with humus and 

 e, will produce roots of the best 

 and the largest size. In dry 

 ; the roots will be small, woody and 

 deficient in pungency; in wet, small, 

 succulent, strong-tasting. Drainage is 

 essential, and so is a fairly ojien sub- 

 soil. Hard subsoil induces excessive 

 branching of the root. Applications of 

 nitrogenous manures should be rather 

 light, commercial fertilizers rich in 

 potash being given the preference. 

 Rolfs recommends a mixture contain- 

 ing 10 percent potash, 7 per cent phos- 

 phoric acid. 4 per cent nitrogen, 600 

 pounds drilled in per acre. A heavier 

 application broadcast and deeply ^ 

 plowed under, it is believed, would 

 give better results, since the shaft of 

 the root is less likely to become un- 

 duly branched when the food is below iq75_ Good i 

 instead of above and around it, espe- ofHorse-rad 

 cially when the sets are placed hori- 

 zontally. A weeder should be used after the lia 

 periodically until the plants are an inch or so 

 Thorough preparation of the soil is essential. 

 Since Horse-radish rarely produces seeds, cutt 



