LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



wurk or artificial objects, 

 e ce netery sho 1 i 1 e 

 ess on that t should 

 o I church 

 iiult tu le of 

 h the n es 



th ; 



ts 



that the last resting place s 

 quietness and beauty nt tlj.s 

 work without distrjufiiii; >ti 

 There are oth 



resemble somen h 1 

 yard or graveja d 

 crowded stones nscr ed 

 and good lual t es of all 

 walls 



All agree 

 s tuated an 1 

 way t e he 

 borho T 



the 

 o f, 



deep 



Ii 



Ma 



it has t w h r ch 

 earth haule i fron a long d stance In st 11 

 other cases t ha been found ne es ary 

 to select a clay sol because there was no 

 other, or to make gro nd by excavat ng lakes ^ 

 using the material excavated to raise the sur- 

 rounding land, or to bury above ground in 



structures erected for the purpose, as at New 

 Orleans. 



When a site is chosen, it is usually sub- 

 divided into sections and lots, which must be 

 made accessible by the construction of drives and 

 walks. The drive should pass within 150 or 200 feet 

 of every place available for burial. The width of the 

 drive should vary according to the size of the ceme- 

 tery and the probable amount of driving. If the area 

 is very small, say not over four or five acres, it may be 

 unnecessary to have any drive. In a little larger area, 

 a grass drive 8 feet wide might suflce ; in one still 

 larger, a driveway 16 feet; and, finally, a cemetery de- 

 signed to accommodate large populations should have 

 good macadamized roadways 24 or 32 feet in width. 

 Walks should generally be left in grass which forms 

 part of a continuous lawn, such being better in appear- 

 ance and more easily maintained than those made of 

 gravel. The location of the drives will determine the 

 shape and size of the sections. The plans should be 

 made after a careful study of the ground in question, 

 the drives being placed so that they will have easy 

 grades, command good views, and be as few as possible 

 without being more than 300 or 400 feet apart. When 

 the groimd is irregular in shape, or has steep slopes, or 



LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



contains streams or lakes or valuable trees, these condi- 

 tions may make it necessary to construct more drives 

 than would otherwise be desirable. They can generally 

 be stake 1 out on tl e gro nd 1 y eye w'th a better effect 

 than f drawn first m an ofiice by the use of some geo 



^ 





1^^' . 

 %^^'^ 



-'-5S-.~-5SS.f.^; 



1233. A free and open i 



1234. A flank plantine, leavine the center free. 



metrical curve. They should nearly always be curved 

 to produce the most pleasing result, a curved driveway 

 being interesting because : (1) when the margins are 

 properly planted certain portions of the ground are 

 always hidden ; (2) they insure varied effects of light 

 and "shade ; (3) they make the average distance from 

 the cemetery entrance to the lots shorter than if one 

 follows straight lines and turns right angles. 



An open tract, to begin with, is in many ways prefer- 

 able to one that is thickly wooded, but groups of trees 

 or single specimens that have broadened out in a natural 

 way would be very valuable, since they would help to 

 take away the naked, forbidding appearance of land 

 newly planted with young trees. On a vacant area, it 

 is usually advisable to plant some large trees for the 

 sake of immediate effect. These can be grouped about 

 the entrance, a fork in the drives, the top of a hill, the 

 margin of a lake, or other distinguishing position. The 

 objection to a piece of land covered with thick woods 

 is that the necessary thinning to get sufficient open space 

 will leave tall, spindling trees, unused to exposure. 

 These, while not very attractive in 

 themselves, are very likely to die and are 

 liable to be blown down. If there are 

 thick woods in the land chosen, the 

 trees selected to remain should be those 

 ' that are healthiest and have the low- 



(J^j est branches. Some of the trees re- 



W " moved might be cut off at the ground, 



fi when the sprouts springing from the 



o, stump will form beautiful bush-like 



V !( specimens. 



The necessarv IniiMinu- vi;i \ ;iry 



with the size of th. . . > ■ iii. y 



should always belli" ; ; nice 



and suitably embclhnMil \\nii ^iinib- 



j bery and vines. The oiiice would natu- 



* rally be placed near the entrance to 



avoid unnecessary walking, but it 



■^ should not be placed immediately on 



' ^ » tlip hiirliwav or public street. The 



"^ ^ liHL-, :inh frequently built over the 



r' ^ L i . I, is usually too pretentious in 



\J/^ ' :ii I :ii Mice and not in keeping with 



'staV til. rliaracter of the grounds. A nat- 



'^ ' ural archway of living trees would be 



'^ better. The chapel, if any, should be 



built well within the grounds to give it 



greater seclusion and quietness. 



