960 LYCORIS 



BB. Fh. hrirjht red. 



radiita, Herb. (JVerhie Japinica, Miq.). Bulb glo- 

 bose, IJ^ in. diam.; neck short: Ivs. produced in win- 

 ter, linear: stamens much longer than the perianth seg- 

 ments. China and Japan. B.R. 7:596 (us Amaryllis ra- 

 diata). A.G. 13:211. — The perianth segments are more 

 recurved than in any other species. The tube is very 

 short, while in all the other kinds here described it is 

 K in- long. W. M. 



Lycoris aurea has been cultivated for many years in 

 American gardens, though it is not a common plant. 

 Lately, with large importations of L. radiata, the in- 

 terest in the genus has widened. These species have 

 the handsomer flowers, and are preferably cultivated un- 

 der glass, though the bulbs are probably hardy in warm, 

 protected borders, at least they have more than once 



1341. Lycoris squamigera ( 



been frozen in pots at Elizabeth, N. J., without ap- 

 parent harm. In its habitat in China, i. aurea rests in 

 the wet season, and the most success in culture has 

 been found in gr..,. In- ii in n warmhouse, taking care 

 to cultivate tht- 1 ' ■ - I i -t the bulbs in warmth 



and moist earth, r .m ral directions may be 



followed for y>. /" . . > j h all bulbs, a vigorous 



growth of foliagu i,,-, iMi.il lu the future appearance 

 of flowers. L. squawiticra aud L. sanguiiiea are per- 

 fectly hardy ; their leaves appear in March, mature 

 and disappear. The flowers come in the nature of a 

 surprise in July and August. The former species has a 

 columnar scape 2-3 ft. tall and a cluster of large, ama- 

 ryllis-like flowers, of a bright rosy purple, rather attrac- 

 tive in the back row of a garden, but not of first rank. 

 L. sanguiiiea has a scape 1 J^-2 ft., with small orange- 

 red flowers, dull and curious rather than striking. The 

 two former species have the beauty of the Nerines, but 

 the two latter have none of this resemblance. 



J. N. Gerard. 

 LYGdDIUM (Greek, ^»-;»;h;7). Scliizir&ceo'. Climb- 

 ing Ferns. Agenusof twining ferns, with the sporangia 

 borne singly under overlapping scales on the under sur- 

 face of reduced portions of the leaf. Some 30 species are 

 known from all parts of the world. For cult., see Ferns. 

 A. Sterile pinnules pah}intc. (Xative species.) 

 palmitum, Sw. IIartfokd Fern. Lvs. 2 ft. or more 

 high, twining, bearing pairs nf cordate-palmate pinnules 

 l!^-2 in. long, on short petioles; fertile pinnules 3-4- 

 pinnatifld. with the ultimate divisions linear. Mass. to 

 Fla. and Tenn.- Requires light, moist soil and partial 

 shade. 



AA. Sterile pinnules pinnate. (Exotic glasshouse 



species.) 

 scAndens, Sw. Pinnules 4-8 in. long, 2-4 in. broad, 

 with a terminal segment and 4 or 5 on each side, which 

 are simple and usually ovate. India and China. — Most 

 of the American material cultivated under this name be- 

 longs to the next species. 



Jap6nicum, Sw. Pinnules 4-8 in. long, nearly as wide, 

 deltoid, with a ptnnatifid terminal segment and 2 or 3 

 lateral ones on each side, all unequal and the lowest 

 long-stalked and pinnate in the lower part. Japan and 

 the East Indies. — The common species in cultivation. 

 L. M. Underwood. 



LYONIA 



LYON, THEODATUS TIMOTHY (Plate X),pomolo- 

 gist, was born in Lima, N. Y., January 13, l8i:!, and 

 died in South Haven, Mich., February 6, 1900. He was 

 the son of a farmer. His school going was very limited. 

 In 1828, his parents went to the territory of Michigan, 

 where he was employed in many pioneer pursuits, as 

 farming, lumber-making, post-boy, tanner, merchant. 

 He became more and more intere.sted in farming, and in 

 1844 started a nursery on the farm at Plymouth, Mich. 

 He collected varieties from the local orchards, and found 

 their names much confused. His interest was chal- 

 lenged, and gradually he became absorbed in a study of 

 pomology, which in that day meant mostly knowledge 

 of varieties. Articles on the varieties of Michigan ap- 

 ples in the "Michigan Farmer" attracted the attention 

 of Charles Downmg, and a correspondence and exchange 

 of varieties resulted His name appears in the list of 

 correspondents m the revised editions of Downing's 

 '!■ runs and Fiuit Tiees For some -leirs. Mi Lyon 

 was president of a i iil« i% comji iii\ In lb74 he moved 

 to the ' fruit belt c f southwestern Mk Ligm where he 

 became presi It-nt of the Mii higin Like shore Nursery 

 \ssonitiin iiid while he lived until his death The 

 iiiuser\ \ss uti n w IS not successful hnancially. In 

 isss Mi I \ n \M t. a lull (412 pp ) and cireful "His- 

 t i\ t ■Ml 111., Ill Hi iti ultiiie which was published in 

 the sivuiii. nth ri I < rt f t llit Stste Hoiticultural Soci- 

 ety, a soLRtv of which he was president from 1876 to 

 1891, and honoiary president until his death In 1889, 

 he took charge of the South Haven sub station of the 

 Michigan Experiment Station, and here, with his fruits 

 and tiees, he lived quietly and happilj to the last. 



Mr. Lyon was one of the last of the older generation 

 of pomologists. Like his colleagues, he was an expert 

 on varieties. He was one of that sacred company which 

 placed accuracy and cautiousness before every con- 

 sideration of ambition or personal gain. His friends 

 knew that he had not the temper of a commercial man. 

 At one time it was said of him that he was the most 

 critical and accurate of American pomologists. The 

 fruit lists of the Michigan Horticultural Society, his 

 labors in revision of nomenclature for the American 

 Pomological Society, and his various bulletins of the 

 Michigan Experiment Station, show his keen judgment 

 of varieties. Personally, he was retired, modest, cautious 

 in speech, generous, simple in habit and manner. 



LYONIA (after John Lyon, who introduced many 

 American plants into England, died before 1818 in Ashe- 

 ville, N. C). Syn. , Xolisma. EricAcea;. Ornamental 

 evergreen or deciduous shrubs, with alternate short- 

 petioled lvs., and small white fls. in clusters, usually 

 forming terminal racemes or panicles. Only the decid- 

 uous L. ligustrina is hardy North, but is less desirable 

 than other hardy species of allied genera. It prefers 

 moist, peaty soil, while the evergreen tender L. ferru- 

 ginea thrives best in a sandy, well-drained soil. Cult, 

 and prop, like Leucothoe and Pieris. About 10 species 

 in E. N. Amer..W. Indies and Mexico. Allied to Pieris 

 and often included under Andromeda. Calyx lobes 4-5, 

 valvate; corolla globular or urceolate, pubescent; sta- 

 mens8-10: capsules 4-5-valved, with ribs at the sutures; 

 seeds numerous. 



ligustrina, Muhl. (Andrdmecla panieuldln. Ait. 

 L. paniculAta, Nutt.). Deciduous, much-branched 

 shrub, to 10 ft. : lvs. obovate to oblong-lanceolate, entire 

 or obscurely serrate, pubescent beneath, 1-2 in. long: 

 fls. in leafless racemes, forming terminal panicles; co- 

 rolla globose, whitish, one-sixth in. long. May-July. 

 Canada to Fla., west to Tenn. and Ark. B.B. 2:570. 



ferruginea, Nutt. {Andrimeda ferruginea, Walt.t. 

 Evergreen shrub or small tree: lvs. cuneate, obovate to 

 oblong, with revolute margin, scurfy when unfolding, 

 especially below, 1-2 in. long : fls. nodding, globular, 

 white, in clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. Feb., 

 March. S. C. to Fla. S.S. 5:234. L.B.C. 5:430.-Hand- 

 some evergreen shrub, but rarely cult., hardy only 

 South. Var. arbor^scenB, Michx. {Andrimeda rigida, 

 Pursh). Of vigorous growth, more rigid and with 

 crowded lvs., growing into a small tree. Var. fruticdsa, 

 Michx. {A.rhomboidAlis,'!^ouv.Dnh.). Shrubby: lvs. 

 sparser, conspicuously reticulated. Alfred Rehder. 



