MAMMILLARIA 



971 



MALVASTRUM(uaraeniad.fni,,,M,lv;,). .)/,///■,},, „. 

 Sixty or more herbs and sul)~!iri!t'~ in AiiMMi'i' ;iniI S. 



Africa, of which 2 or 3 are iiliuii - ..i imi ..i iMiii..ri.ii m 



frardeus. From Malva and it- ,: , i : ... iirn- 



sliort or capitate stianias on ; ■ . r 



than longitudinal stigmas. aU" I : ;: 



in each carpel. From Malvu\ i-. u, ,. iiiii.i- lu liiiiii,' 

 a dry rather than a baccate fruit, and in otlu-r charac- 

 ters. The garden species are perennials of easy culture, 

 blooming in the hot weather of summer. 



coccineum, Gray. A tufted canesoent plant, 5-10 in. or 

 less high, with running rootstocks: Ivs. not more than 

 1 in. across, pedately 3-5-parted or divided, the narrow 

 divisions again cut or cleft: fls. brick-red or coppery, in 

 a short terminal raceme: carpels round-kidney-shaped, 

 inclosed in the incurving calyx lobes. Western Amer. 

 B. M. I(!7:! (as Cristaria coccinea). -There is a var. 

 irrandiElorum in the trade, with "large deep scarlet fls." 



campanulitum, Nichols. Two ft. or less high, hairy: 

 Ivs. pedately 3-5-lobed, the lobes deeply cut and toothed, 

 clasping: fls. rose-purple, an inch across. Chile. P.M. 

 9:173, and R.H. 1843:325 (as Malva campaniilafa). 



spMndidum, Eell. Shrub, becoming 12 ft. or more, 

 gray-tonientose: Ivs. cordate-ovate, 5-lobed: fls. rosy 

 pink, fragrant. Calif. L. h. B. 



MALVAVtSCUS (Greek, sticky malloic). MaJvAcerr. 

 About 25 species of tender slirnl)s from the warmer 



parts of America. c>:m- .rt n\ hi^ii. U . '. ' ., i- kiMiwn 



to the trade &» Arln. , i' 1 ■ •'.■.. mM 



greenhouse shrub wi; !. . i . - - m . ' ■ -ii t • . imI.I.' 



an Abutilon and nev.r ,i|...|; v- inn . \nii n. ihum-i .-r. 



has no involucre 



leof 



tlets. Lv6 



dentate, angled or lobed; 

 fls. red, usually peduncled; 

 petals erect and eonnivent 

 or spreading in the upper 

 half ; column of stamens 

 truncate below the apex or 

 5-toothed : carpels fleshy 

 outside, connateintoaberry, 

 later separating. 



arboreuB, Cav. (AcMnia 

 Mnlmvisetis, Sw.l. Fig. 

 1353. Tall shrub: Ivs. alter- 

 nate, heavt-shapeil at the 

 base, toothed: fls. convolute in the bud; Ijractlets erect. 

 S.Araer. B.M.2305. — Cult, outdoors in S.Fla.aud .S. Calif. 

 Malvavisciis arboreus is one of the most satisfactory 

 house plants that can be grown. It is not sub.iect to in- 

 sects of any kind, will stand a low tempeiature in win- 

 ter, and blooms both winter and summer. When pot 

 grown, the plant is usually about 2 ft. high, but out- 

 doors it makes a strong, branching growth, attaining 3-5 

 ft. The bright scarlet fls. remain a long time in perfect 

 condition. Tlie Hs. open slightly at the top or not at all. 

 This circuni-i.in. I uii-.' li-.- t.. flit- old name Achania, 

 which mean Tin plmit needs a good light 



soil and tin - : ~i "'i Iila-<>ns peat and loam. 



Prop, by ■•111 I II _- 1 If I iiliiviit.ir-^ need not fear the 

 appearand- .-L u iiUc i^nin.^ on the surface of the Ivs., as 

 they are a normal, Wiixy secretion of the plant. 



James Vick. 

 MAMILLARIA. See MammiUaria. 



MAMMfiA (from a South American name). Gultif- 

 er(e. Six species of tropical trees, one of which, M. 

 produces the fruits known as the Mammee 



Apple or St. Domingo Apricot. These are 3-6 in. in 

 diameter, round, russet-colored or brown, with a yellow 

 juicy pulp, and 1-4 large, rough seeds. The skin and 

 seeds are bitter and resinous. The fruits are eaten raw 

 without flavoring, or with wine and sugar, or sugar and 

 cream. They are also preserved. The taste for them 

 does not have to be acquired. The tree is cult, in S. 

 Fla. and S. Calif., and a few fruits are bronght from the 

 West Indies to the U. S. The nearest ally of horticul- 

 tural value is the Mangosteen, belonging to the genus 

 Garcinia, characterized by having 4 sepals, while 

 Maramea has a calyx which is closed before anthesis, 

 and afterwards is valvately 2-parted. Mammeas have 

 rigid, leathery Ivs., often dotted with pellucid glands: 

 peduncles axillary, 1-fld., solitary or clustered : fls. 

 polygamous; petals 4-6; stamens numerous; stigma 

 ji.-iiati- ..r l.roadly lobed: ovary 2-4-celled. 



Americana, Linn. Mammee Apple. St. Domingo 

 AiKi.-r. Fig. 1354. Tree, 40-60 ft. high : Ivs. obovate- 

 olil.,iig, rounded at tip, 4-8 in. long: peduncles few or 

 solitarv: petals white, fragrant ; anthers oblong, later- 

 ally dehiscent. B.M. 7562. W. M. 



Mammea Americana is native from the West Indies 

 to Brazil. The wood 'j durable and well adapted for 

 building purposes, posts and piles. It stands damp. It 

 is beautifully grained ai.i is used for fancy work. The 

 gum is applied to extract chigoes; dissolved in lime- 

 juice it destroys maggots in sores at a single dressing. 

 An infusion of the bark is astringent and is useful to 

 strengthen the recent cicatrices of sores. A liqueur has 

 been obtained by distillation from the flowers infused 

 in spirits of wine, known in the Island of Martinique by 

 the name of " Creme des Creoles." The fruit is the size 

 of a very large orange. It has a sweetish, somewhat 

 aromatic taste and a peculiar odor. Not much use is 

 made of it. .Seeils germinate freely, and young plants 

 are easily raised. -w. HAR'tiS. 



MAMMEE APPLE. See Mammea. 



MAMMILLARIA ( Latin, mammila ; referring to the 

 nipple-like tubercles on these plants). Often but not 

 originally spelled Mamillaria. Stems simple, branch- 

 ing or in clusters from the root, commonly hemispheri- 

 cal or short-cylindrical, but often depressed or some- 

 times much elongated; the surf.ace entirely broken up 

 into tubercles (ininnilia' i : IN. nsiia]l\ sliort-funnelform, 

 with naked or innrlx n.iln d iiili.ini.l ovary, borne in 

 the more or lessw.iollv :i\iK Ihuhih t lie tubercles, or 

 at the inner extnniity oi n nanow -roove on their up- 

 per surface: fr. globos.- to linoai-rlav ato. luan-ly ahvjiys 

 smooth and berry-like. 'I'ln lir-t -ul.-onns i- ratln-r in- 

 definitely separated from iho tulnrrniai'- laOiinoi arti li\- 

 the smooth fruit, and hy i!io rlnnai-tii- of ilio :;roov.-. 

 which in MammiUaria is lianlly nioro tlum an iitiprt_--'st'il 

 line, while in Echinocaetus it is sliorter and so broad as 

 to be obviously a continuation of the spiniferons areola. 

 The cultivation of MammiUaria differs in no respect 

 from Echinocaetus, which s.-,-. 



Review- i'I- --■ ' ■ : ■ i ■. \. 

 Subgenus I. Coryphan i ' in vertex). 



Tubercles, at least tin i: - _ i ■. narrowly 

 grooved on the upp.v -;-: . ii m ij ' s nearly to 

 base, i-x.-fiit ill ,)/. //M/,-,'o,o ,/ .. I'Is. showy. 

 largo for tin- g,-nu,. Kiaiit grain or greenish, 

 exfi-pi in M .ttih, frill, .>.,: and .1/. M i ssimriensis. 

 Seeds lir-own. li-htly rotimlat.al and thin- 



cept in jo. ,,„,,, ,//;,,, unAMissouriensis. Spec;es 1-24 

 Subgenus 11. Doi.n oTHELE. Tubercles cylindric- 

 co'nii-al, long, looso and of soft texture. Fls. 

 large, yellow, from the axils of the upper 



tubercles Species 25 



Subgenus III. Cochemiea. Stems elongated. form- 

 ing large clumps : fls. in a crown near the 

 apex, l^--'2 in. long, narrowlv tul'ular-funnel- 



for 



ith 



