994 



MATTHIOLA 



bicdrnis, CG. Half-shrubby, straggling annual or bi- 

 ennial; fls. smaller than those of M. incaiui, purplish 

 or lilac, fragrant by night, closing by day: pod terete, 

 long, 2-horned: Ivs. pinnatifid, or the uppermost entire. 

 Greece, Asia Minor. 



M.sinnnt', ^-n- <i./.-ns.«, Rmiy & youc, is figured in B.M. 7703 

 <1900), wIm IV II I, ,,hl ihai "the name Oyensis has been cor- 

 I ■ I ^ and Chinensis." The plant is f rem 



the lie I 



I the 



; the ( 



II ' II I, r liiennial. with sinuate-toothed Ivs., 

 Li.,u .Uuu- fragrant fls. Not known to be in 

 cult, in tliis tuuutry. L. H. B. 



MATTEANDIA (after Maurandy, professor of botany at 

 Cartagena, Spain). Also written J/niiraHrfi/n. Scroph- 

 ularidcete. About 5 species of Mexican climbers, with 

 usually halberd-shaped Ivs. and showy, irrejjjiilar trum- 

 pet-shaped fls., white, rose, purple and blue, the tlu-oat 

 usually white or light-colored. The lis. are .somewliat 2- 

 lipped. The commonest species is M. Baixhiiana, 

 which is procurable in a greater range of colors than 

 the others. Maurandias are desirable vines for winter- 

 flowering in cool greenhouses, but since they bloom the 

 first year from seed, they are almost wholly grown for 

 summer bloom outdoors and treated like tender annuals. 

 They have a slender habit and grow about 10 ft. in a 

 season.* In the fall the vines may be taken up and re- 

 moved into the house if desired. 



Botanically, this genus is nearest to the snapdragon, 

 though the throat of the flower *s not closed. The plant 

 known to the tradechiefly as Maurandia antirrhiniflora 

 is now referred to Antirrhinum. (See Antirrhinum, 

 where this plant is figured.) It is a climber and requires 

 the culture of Maurandia. Maurandias climb by the 

 twisting of the leaf- and flower-stalks. They are glabrous 

 or pubescent: Ivs. alternate, or the lower ones opposite, 

 halberd-shaped, angular-lobed or coarsely toothed: 

 calyx 5-parted; segments narrow or broad : corolla tube 

 scarcely bulged at the base; posterior lip 2-cut; ante- 

 rior lip variously parted: stamens 4-didynamous. 



dia scandens (XH). 



A. Seeds tubercled, wingless: calyx segments narrow: 

 Us. hastate, not serrate. ( Subgenus Eumaurandia.) 

 B. Calyx distinctly glandular-pilose: segments long- 

 attenuate. 

 BaTcIai&na, Lindl. Usually, but not originally, written 

 Barclayana. B.R. 13:1108. L. B.C. 14:1381. \". 5:353. 

 — The following trade names advertised like species- 

 names are presumably all color-varieties of this species : 

 M. alba, albitlora, Emeryana rosea, purpurea grandi- 

 flora, varitis. The last is a trade name for mixed 

 varieties. 



MAXILLARIA 



BB. Calyx glabrous, shorter. 

 semp^rflorens, Ort. Fls. lavender-colored ; throat 

 white. B.M. 400. -Cult, in S. Calif. 



AA. Seeds irilh a lacerated or irregular wing: calyx 

 si't/ments leafy and broad: Ivs. triangular-ovate, 

 serrate. {Subgenus Lophospermum.) 

 B. Corolla lobes obtuse or even notched. 

 erubfiscens, Gray. Lvs. somewhat triangular in out- 

 line, serrate: fls. 3 in. long, rosy pink. B.M. 3037, 3038. 

 B.R. 10:1381. G£. II. 20:501. -Cult, in S. Calif. 



BB. Corolla lobes acute. 

 scindens, Gray (Lophospermum scdndens, D. Don). 

 Fig. 1378. Perhaps only a botanical variety of the pre- 

 ceding. B.M. 3050.— A hybrid with the preceding is 

 shown in 3.5:242. ^. jj. 



MAUElTIA (after Prince Moritz, of Nassau, 1567-1605, 

 patron of Piso and Marcgraf ; by his aid a Natural His- 

 tory of Brazil was published). Palmaceai. Very grace- 

 ful fan palms, almost spineless : stems very slender, 

 obscurely ringed: lvs. pinnately flabelliform, semi-circu- 

 lar, orbicular or wedge-shaped, the lobes lanceolate, 

 acuminate ; rachis long or short ; petiole cylindrical : 

 ovary perfectly 3-celled. There are 6 or 7 tropical 

 American species. 



flexudsa, Linn, f . Moriche Palm. Stems without sto- 

 lons : lvs. 20-30, erect-spreading, 9-16 ft. long ; blade 

 2K-I ft. long, yellowish beneath; lobes %-!% in. wide; 

 petiole stout, rigid, semi-cylindrical, equalingthe bl.ide: 

 fr. nearly 2 in. long, depressed-globose ; seed 1^ in. long. 

 Trop. Brazil.- Offered in 1889 by Reasoner Bros. In 

 the Amazon delta this palm grows to 150 ft. or more in 

 height, with a trunk often 30 in. in diam. at base. "The 

 fruit is spherical, the size of a small apple, and covered 

 with rather small, smooth, brown, reticulated scales, 

 beneath which is a thin coating of pulp. A spadix loaded 

 with fruit is of immense weight, often more than two 

 men could carry between ihem.— Wallace, "Palms of 

 the Amazon." Jared G. Smith. 



MAXILLABIA (Latin, maxilla, jaw; referring to the 

 mentuni). Orchidcicece. Mostly pseudobulbous, epiphytic 

 orchids, resembling Lycaste in general appearance. 

 The genus contains over 100 species, dispersed at va- 

 rious altitudes in Jlexico, Brazil and the West Indies. 

 About 15 species are offered by dealers in America. 

 Many of these have small flowers and are of value only 

 in collections. They are, however, easily grown, and 

 blossom profusely. Among those given below, the 

 large, white-flowered M. grandiflora and M. venusta, 

 and the white and purple M. Sanderiuna are probably 

 the best species. Rhizomes short or long, creeping or 

 erect, and clothed with distichous lvs.: pseudobulbs 

 clustered or scattered on the rhizome, 1-2-lvd. or 

 densely distiehophyllous at the apex of the rhizome: 

 lvs. leathery or subfleshy, plicate or plane and keeled, 

 distichous: sepals subequal, free from each other but 

 united with the foot of the column and forming a pro- 

 jecting mentum; petals similar or smaller: labellum 3- 

 lobed, movably articulated to the foot of the column: 

 lateral lobes erect; middle lobe with longitudinal cal- 

 losities. The scape arises apparently from the base of 

 the pseudobulb, on the very young leafy axis, but lower 

 down than the corresponding new growth. Pollinia 4, 

 seated on a broad, scale-like stipe. The distichous ar- 

 rangement of the Ivs. distinguishes this genus from 

 Lycaste. For M. Barrisonice and tetragona , see Lycaste. 

 Heinrich Hasselbring. 



Maxillarias are of easy culture, and can be grown un- 

 der various methods of treatment with fair success. 

 The best compost consists of clean peat fiber taken from 

 the several species of Osmunda, and live sphagnum, 

 both chopped rather fine and well mixed together. After 

 the receptacle is half filled with clean drainage and the 

 plant properly placed, the compost should be pressed 

 firmly in around the roots, interspersing it with nodules 

 of charcoal. In their native habitats, many of the fine- 

 rooted species grow on rock sand trees with very little com- 

 post attached. The base of the pseudobulbs or rhizome 

 should rest on a convex surface raised a little above the 



