PLEUEIST. — PLEUEODYNIA. 273 



patient manifests. During one hour the heart will beat as low 

 as 45 times, and the respirations will average 12 or 14 per 

 minute, and the attendant will flatter himself that a great 

 improvement has suddenly taken place ; but during the next 

 hour the pulse will probably rise to 80, or even 90, and the 

 respirations to 40, or from that to 50 per minute. The surface 

 of the body vsdll also present patches of perspiration ; one or 

 two of the limbs will be hot, and the others cold. If the 

 patient be affected with a cough, it will be constrained, and 

 hang, as it were, in the chest. At the sides of the chest, the 

 skin will be tlirown into folds. If the disease be limited to 

 one side of the chest (which in some cases it is), this corruga- 

 tion of the skin will be confined to the side affected. Great 

 tenderness will also be manifested, and the animal will shrink 

 from being handled, or even touched. 



If the ear be applied to the sides of the chest, at the com- 

 mencement of the attack, a sharp friction sound may be readily 

 detected, especially if the patient be a spare, well-bred animal ; 

 the sound in question closely resembles that elicited by rubbing 

 the hands together, and it arises from the friction of the lung 

 against the pleura, which is roughened from the inflammatory 

 action going on within the tissues affected. The friction 

 sounds, however, speedily disappear, being succeeded by an 

 almost complete absence of all sound or murmur whatever. 



" As the disease advances, the pulse becomes more frequent, 

 small, aud wiry — the respiration accelerated— the tongue coated 

 with fur, having a disagreeable odour. If a fuller inspiration 

 be attempted, it is immediately checked, and the grunt at once 

 denotes the pain which the increased expansion of the chest 

 has occasioned. The extension and intensity of the inflamma- 

 tory action still further limit respiration. The pulse becomes 

 indistinct. The horse paws — is restless ; delirium supervenes ; 



s 



