446 GLAKDEES AKD FAECT. 



Grlanders is a disease of the blood, and the inveterate forms 

 of the malady are those where the nutrition of the tissues of 

 the body have become contaminated ; as the nutrition, in fact, 

 of the more remote tissues become affected, the blood necessarily 

 becomes more and more loaded with poisonous materials, and 

 the disease will become more and more virulent in its effects. 



Glanders is sometimes developed with extraordinary rapi- 

 dity. This is more particularly the case with animals kept in 

 closely confined and ill-ventilated stables ; in other cases, again, 

 the disease for sometime may be slow and insidious, and then 

 suddenly become virulent. 



The disease is highly contagious, not only to other horses, 

 but to human beings also. 



Causes. — The causes of Glanders are innumerable ; but 

 any influence upon the animal economy, the operation of which 

 lowers the vital force, acting in association with bad ventilation 

 and imperfect purification of the blood, will favour the develop- 

 ment of this disease, 



Pathog:n'omonic Symptoms op Glandees. — The pathog- 

 nomonic symptoms of Glanders are ulceration of the nasal 

 membrane, associated with furulent discharge from one or loth 

 nostrils ; with enlargement and hardness of the sub-maxillary 

 glands, and fixedness of the same to the internal surface of the 

 inferior maxilla. 



The ulcer, which is pathognomonic of Glanders, presents 

 (especially in the more advanced stages of the disease) the 

 following peculiarities : — 



It is chancrous ; of a dull red colour ; ragged and angry 

 looking ; irregular in form and size ; fungoid in appearance ; 



