516 



SHOULDER SPRAIN. 



sprained. It is more liable to be affected at the particular 

 locality pointed out, in consequence of tbe following simple 

 reasons — first, because of the acute :pig. 33. 



angle at whicli the tendon is placed, 

 in having to pass over the front 

 part of the joint ; and secondly, from 

 the great vascularity of the bursse 

 of the tendon. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms mani- 

 fested by the patient are peculiar. 

 The animal trails the toe ; — and 

 instead of the limb being freely 

 advanced, its flexion and direct ad- 

 vancement will be avoided as much 

 as possible. It will be carried in a 

 circumflex manner, and the animal 

 will advance sideways. The sidelong 

 movement, however, will not be so 

 very palpable, unless the disease be 

 severe, or of considerable duration, 

 when this movement becomes well 

 marked. The toe will likewise be 

 turned outwards ; the heel will not 

 be brought to the ground ; the point 

 of the shoulder will be warmer 

 than ordinary, and it will also be 

 tender upon pressure. 



Causes. — The causes of shoulder lameness are numerous. 

 Eheumatism is a cause. The remaining causes are principally 

 of a mechanical kind — such as pushes against the point of the 

 shoulder ; injuries from blows and kicks ; sprains from galloping 



