45 



2. EUROPE. 



Abich, Prof. H. Ueber das geologische Alter der nordkaukasiachen 

 Jura-Kohlensandsteine und iiber in denselben vorkommenden 

 iiaturlichen Salpeter im Kubanthale. [Age of the Jurassic Coal- 

 sandstone in N. Caucasus and Saltpetre in the Cuban Valley.] 

 Bull. Ac. Imp. Sci. St.-Fetersb. t. xxii. pp. 148-170. 



Defines the age of the coal-beds as L. Oolite (Dogger), and gives 

 analysis of saltpetre, by Prof. C. Schmidt. 



Aitkin, John. The Dry River-beds of the Riviera. Nature, vol. xiv. 

 pp. 148, 149. 



Accounts for the size of the channels of the streams near Men tone, 

 Vintimiglia, being out of proportion to the work done, by the heavy 

 slopes and impermeable soil of the country causing a very rapid dis- 

 charge of rainfall, great floods, and corresponding droughts. C. E. D. 



o 



Akerblom, V. L. Bidrag till Tammerforstraktens geognosi. [Geology 



of the Neighbourhood of Tammerfors in Finland.] Bidrag till 



I'dnnedomen af Finlands natar och folk, i^O haft, pp. 119-137. 



A colour-printed geological map and sections show the distribution 



of the metamorphic and eruptive rocks, as well as of the Quaternary 



deposits, which are all briefly described. E. E. 



Anon. [Exploratory Borings in Prussia in 1875.] Zeitsch. Berg-, 

 Hutt. Salinenw. Bd. xxiv. p. 207. 



The following trials have been carried on during the year : — At 

 Bischofswerder, in W. Prussia, to a depth of 200 metres for lignite. 

 Tertiary beds were found down to 190 mm., when the U. Cre- 

 taceous beds were reached. Siidenburg, near Magdeburg, for coal ; 

 abandoned at 569 metres in schists apparently of the Culm series. 

 Dakine, in Niederlausitz, for coal, reached 144 metres in Tertiary strata, 

 including a lignite seam of 8 metres thickness. Cammin, in Poraerania, 

 for the investigation of the Jurassic series, was in the shales of the 

 Lias at 253 metres depth. Lieth, on the Lower Elbe, 1020 metres, 

 without penetrating the Triassic red shales with rock-salt. H. B. 



. Geological Changes in Southern France. Land and Water, 



vol. xxii. no. 570, p. 473. 



The French shore of the Mediterranean from Genoa to Marseilles is 

 all life and beauty, while from Marseilles to the coast of Spain it is 

 solitude and desolation. The latter once was highly prosperous ; and 

 Narbonne communicated direct with the sea in the time of the Romans ; 

 but since then quantities of sand and mud have accumulated, and ruined 

 the ports. G. 11. K. 



