FLATTING STANDARDS. 109 



spread their roots so mightily, and are not the worse 

 for being curtailed when they encounter the opera- 

 tion of trenching; but no other trees should be 

 allowed to interfere with the best vegetable plots. 

 Rhubarb, sea-kale, artichokes, common greens, tur- 

 nips, potatoes, and some others, which either require 

 no depth or have strong roots, suffer little from the 

 proximity of trees, and therefore a considerable por- 

 tion of the ground destined for culinary purposes 

 may also contribute to the store of fruit. What- 

 ever is kept in grass, for sweetness to the eye, may 

 be studded with standard trees; but avoid, as you 

 would the blow of a poker, the straight rows of tree 

 and gooseberry, as they are seen in orchards, and 

 not less obnoxious though they cut the sward in the 

 manner of the handsomest diagrams. Whatever 

 portion you allot for shrubbery may also contribute 

 to the store of apples: and the effect ef the ever- 

 greens, which show most beauty in winter, will, in 

 summer be much enlivened by the mingling of a 

 lighter green with the red or white blossom, and the 

 graceful bending of branches laden with various 

 coloured fruits. 



Should you judge your soil too shallow or too 

 poor for a general planting in this way, and not un- 

 dergo the expence of trenching and manuring, the 

 next remedy, though a very inferior one, is to have 

 a succession of young trees. Almost any soil will 

 bear good fruit for a time. Set the tree on the 

 very top of the ground, gathering a little earth over 

 its roots, and spreading above some turf with the 



