148 A MANUAL FOR NORTHERN WOODSMEN 



The ratio between cords and standards is nearly con- 

 stant in logs of all sizes if cut of equjil length. In the 

 Adirondack woods 2.92 standards are commonly reckoned 

 as one cord. 



SECTION VI 

 SCALING PRACTICE 



Logs are best scaled when they are being handled over, 

 as on a landing or mill brow, for then all parts can be seen 

 and got at. Measurement in the pile, especially for long 

 logs, is both difficult and unsatisfactory. 



1. Length. A tape worked by two men is an accurate 

 measure of length. Short logs may be accurately measured 

 with a marked pole, and for long logs a carefully adjusted 

 wheel with brads in the ends of its spokes is cheap to use 

 and reasonably accurate. Measurement with a four-foot 

 stick has a very wide range of accuracy, according to 

 the way it is done. 



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GERMAN NUMBERING HAMMER 



Valuable timber cut into standard log lengths is com- 

 monly allowed two inches extra to permit trimming at 

 the saw, this amount being disregarded in the scale. If 

 logs are cut without measuring, in which case they are as 

 likely to be ten inches over foot lengths as two inches, the 

 extra inches are commonly thrown off just the same. That 

 practice, however, means in 16-foot logs a loss of 2 per 

 cent on the scale or the timber. On 30-foot logs, it means 

 l per cent. 



2. Diameter. The diameter measure for any board rule 

 is obtained at the small end of the log and inside the bark. 

 It is important in large and valuable timber that an aver- 

 age diameter be taken. In dealing with fractional inches, 



